广东传统村落空间分布格局及其民系特征  

Spatial Distribution Pattern of Traditional Villages and Brief Analysis of Han Chinese Subgroup Characteristics in Guangdong

作　　者：袁少雄[1,2,3] 唐光良[2] 张虹鸥[2] 宫清华[2] 尹小玲[2] 黄光庆[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所,广州510640 [2]广州地理研究所//广东省地理空间信息技术与应用公共实验室,广州510070 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《热带地理》2017年第3期318-327,共10页Tropical Geography

基　　金："十二五"科技支撑计划课题"传统村落基础设施完善与使用功能拓展关键技术研究与示范"(2014BAL06B02)

摘　　要：为了解传统村落在广东的空间分布格局,其与国内其他省份空间分布情况差异以及其与民系特征的关系,以广东省126个传统村落为研究对象,利用GIS的空间分析法对其空间分布、空间自相关和民系分布特征进行分析。结果显示:广东省传统村落的空间分布类型为凝聚型,与国内其他省份传统村落的分布类型相似;从地市尺度来看,广东省传统村落的分布较为集中,主要集中在梅州、清远、广州、湛江和肇庆等地市;总体上呈不均衡分布,区域尺度上主要分布于粤北和珠江三角洲地区;其空间分布密度差异显著,全省分布密度为0.59个/千km^2,梅州市最高,达到2.14个/千km^2;全省传统村落空间分布存在梅州―潮汕区、广佛―东莞区、湛江雷州区以及清远连州区等4个比较明显的集聚区;在空间分布上具有显著的全局空间自相关性,表现出规模相似地区在空间上趋于集聚的特性,整体上呈现较为明显的热点―次热点―次冷点―冷点的分布格局;广东省传统村落主要分布在广府、客家民系中,分布密度最高的民系为少数民族区,达1.31个/千km^2,其次为韶州土话民系区,为1.00个/千km^2,尽管客家民系与广府民系区的传统村落数量最多,但由于这两大民系在广东省分布面较广,密度分别只有0.59和0.48个/千km^2。Abstract：In this paper, 126 traditional villages in Guangdong Province were taken as the research object. GIS spatial analysis was used in order to understand the spatial distribution pattern of traditional villages （TVs） in Guangdong, the differences in distribution pattern between in Guangdong and in other provinces, and the Han Chinese subgroup characteristics of TVs. The spatial distribution type was judged using the nearest neighbor index; the spatial distribution equilibrium was determined by the geographical concentration index and the unbalanced index; the spatial clustering region was measured by the nuclear density; the spatial autocorrelation analysis was carried out using the Moran index; and the spatial link function was used to determine the relationship between the TVs and Han Chinese subgroup characteristics. The results show that： 1） the spatial distribution of TVs in Guangdong Province is condensed. From the perspective of the city scale, TV distribution is concentrated in Meizhou, Qingyuan, Guangzhou, Zhanjiang, and Zhaoqing. There are 87 TVs in these cities, accounting for 69% of the total in Guangdong, and Meizhou City is home to 40 TVs, accounting for about 32% of the total in the province. The TVs are generally unevenly distributed, mainly in northern Guangdong and the Pearl River Delta region. 2） There are significant differences in the spatial distribution density of TVs in Guangdong Province. The average distribution density of TVs in the province is 0.59 per thousand km2; the highest density of 2.14 per thousand km2 is in Meizhou; in Heyuan and Maoming, TV density is less than 0.1 per thousand km2; and there is no TV distributed in Yunfu City. There are four noticeable agglomeration areas： the Meizhou-Chaoshan Area, the Guangfo-Dongguan Area, the Zhanjiang-Leizhou Area, and the Qingyuan-Lianzhou Area. The core-edge distribution pattern is noticeable. 3） The spatial distribution of TVs in Guangdong Province shows significant global spatial autocorrelation and clustering c

关 键 词：传统村落 空间分布 空间自相关 民系分布 广东省 

分 类 号：K928.5[历史地理—人文地理学]