藏药“蒂达”的6种主要基原植物提取物对急性肝内胆汁淤积小鼠药理作用的比较研究  

Comparison of Pharmacological Actions of Crude Extracts from Six Origin Species of Tibetan Medicine Dida on Mice with Acute Intrahepatic Cholestasis

作　　者：李姗姗[1] 李博[1,2] 张寿文[1,2] 曹岚[1,2] 杜小浪[1,2] 慕泽泾[1,2] 阳勇[3] 钟国跃[1,2] 蒋伟[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]江西中医药大学,江西南昌330004 [2]江西民族传统药现代科技与产业发展协同创新中心,江西南昌330004 [3]重庆市中药研究院,重庆400065

出　　处：《中药新药与临床药理》2017年第3期314-319,共6页Traditional Chinese Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81360675);国家科技重大专项"重大新药创制"子课题(2012ZX09103201-050)

摘　　要：目的比较藏药"蒂达"(藏茵陈)的6种主要基原植物小伞虎耳草、篦齿虎耳草、印度獐牙菜、川西獐牙菜、大籽獐牙菜和椭圆叶花锚提取物对急性肝内胆汁淤积小鼠的药理作用,为其品种整理、质量控制、临床应用及资源综合开发利用提供药理学依据。方法采用α-异硫氰酸萘酯(ANIT)诱导小鼠急性肝内胆汁淤积型肝损伤模型,以各药材提取物进行干预,熊去氧胆酸(UDCA)为对照,检测小鼠血清ALT、AST、TBA、TBIL、DBIL和IBIL水平,HE染色观察肝组织病理变化。结果 6种药材提取物均能不同程度地改善ANIT引起的肝损伤,各药材提取物组在肝小叶结构、肝细胞病变等方面病理改变均相对减轻,其中,以小伞虎耳草组、篦齿虎耳草组、椭圆叶花锚组和大籽獐牙菜组明显;各药材提取物组小鼠血清中ALT和AST的水平均明显降低,小伞虎耳草、印度獐牙菜和川西獐牙菜组小鼠血清中TBA的水平均明显降低,小伞虎耳草、篦齿虎耳草、川西獐牙菜和大籽獐牙菜组小鼠血清中TBIL、DBIL和IBIL的水平均明显降低。结论小伞虎耳草和篦齿虎耳草提取物在降酶和退黄两方面效果最为显著,且总体强于阳性药熊去氧胆酸,是开发针对胆汁淤积型肝病治疗药物的优势药材品种;6种药材提取物均可明显改善急性肝内胆汁淤积小鼠肝组织损伤及肝功能,说明藏医将其归为同一类药材存在一定的合理性,而其药理作用差异则提示藏药"蒂达"各基原药材间在功效、物种亲缘关系及化学成分方面存在差异和相关关系;本研究为"蒂达"药材的品种整理、质量控制、临床应用和资源综合开发利用提供了药理学依据,并为其他类似复杂基原藏药的品种整理等研究提供了参考。Objective To compare the effects of the crude extracts from 6 origin species of Tibetan medicine Dida （Swertia chirayita Buch.-Ham, Swertia mussotii Franch., Swertia macrosperma C. B. Clark, Saxifraga umbellulata, Saxifraga umbellulata var. pectinata, Hallenia elliptica D. Don） on the liver function of mice with acute intrahepatic eholestasis. Methods The mouse model of acute intrahepatic cholestasis was induced by alpha-naphthyl isothioeyanate （ANIT）. The mice were intervened by oral use of 6 crude extracts with ursodeoxyeholie acid （UDCA） as positive control. After administration, the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase （ALT）, aspartate aminotransferase（AST）,total bile acid（TBA）, total bilirubin（TBIL）, direct bilirubin（DBIL） and indirect bilirubin（IBIL） were detected, and the pathological changes in the liver were observed by HE staining. Results All of the 6 crude extracts could reduce the damage of liver tissue such as the structure of hepatic lobule and the hepatic cell lesion in varying degrees, and the effects of extracts from Saxifraga umbellulata, Saxifraga umbellulata var. pectinata, Swertia macrosperma C. B. Clark and Hallenia elliptica D. Don were the strongest. The 6 extracts also showed significant effect on decreasing serum ALT and AST levels, the extracts from Saxifraga umbeUulata, Swertia chirayita Buch. -Ham and Swertica mussotii Franch. could significantly reduce the TBA level, and the extracts from Saxifraga umbellulata, Saxifraga umbellulata var. pectinata, Swertiamussotii Franch. and Swertia macrosperma C. B. Clark could significantly decrease the serum TBIL, DBIL and IBIL levels. Conclusion Extracts from Saxifraga umbellulata and Saxifraga umbellulata var. pectinata exert obvious effect on reducing enzyme levels and eliminating jaundice, and their effects are stronger than UDCA, which could be the dominant species for developing drugs in treating intrahepatic cholestasis. All of 6 crude extracts could ameliorate the damage of liver tissue and improve

关 键 词：藏药 蒂达 提取物 急性肝内胆汁淤积 小鼠 

分 类 号：R285.5[医药卫生—中药学]