棉织物低温酶氧一浴前处理工艺  

Low-temperature pretreatment of cotton fabric by combining enzyme treating and peroxide bleaching in one bath

作　　者：向中林[1,2] 韩雪梅[1] 刘增祥 许长海[1] 

机构地区：[1]生态纺织教育部重点实验室(江南大学),江苏无锡214122 [2]江苏联发纺织股份有限公司江苏省生态染整技术重点实验室,江苏南通226601 [3]山东轻工职业学院,山东淄博255300

出　　处：《纺织学报》2017年第5期80-85,共6页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(21276106);江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE201596);江苏省产学研联合创新资金项目(BY2015019-09)

摘　　要：为提升棉织物前处理工艺的节能减排水平,将酶退浆(ED)、酶精练(ES)与活化漂白(APB)工艺合并在中性浴,在低温条件下(如50℃)对棉织物进行酶氧一浴前处理;通过考察ED、ES和APB的不同组合对棉织物的浆料残留、吸水性、白度和聚合度的影响,对低温酶氧一浴前处理工艺进行优化;作为对比,低温酶氧三浴三步前处理工艺和传统酶氧二浴二步前处理工艺也被用于棉织物前处理。结果表明:在一浴组合工艺中,先实施ED、后实施ES和APS的一浴二步工艺对棉织物前处理具有最佳性能;经该工艺处理的棉织物浆料残留和白度与传统酶氧二浴二步工艺法基本相同,虽然吸水性略差,但棉纤维损伤明显降低。To enhance the performance of saving energy and reducing waste water effluent of cotton pretreatment, the processes of enzymatic desizing （ED）, enzymatic scouring （ES） and activated peroxide bleaching （APB） were combined into one bath at neutral pH to pretreat cotton fabric at low temperature （e. g. 50 ℃ ）. The optimal combination of ED, ES and APB was achieved by investigating size residual, water absorbency, degree of whiteness and degree of polymerization of cotton fabric treated by various combined processes. For the purpose of comparison, cotton fabric was also pretreated by ED, ES and APB in a three-bath three-step process as well as by ED and conventional peroxide bleaching （TPA） in a two-step process. Experimental results show that, in the one-bath combined processes, the one-bath two-step process that was constructed with ED in the first step and ES and APS in the second step exhibites the optimal performance on pretreatment of cotton fabric. In comparison with ED and TPA in the two-bath two-step process, the cotton fabric pretreated by this one-bath two-step process had equivalent residual size and degree of whiteness, slightly inferior water absorbency, and significantly reduced fiber damage.

关 键 词：棉织物 前处理 酶退浆 酶精练 活化漂白 

分 类 号：TS192.5[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程]