肥胖对不同年龄段哮喘患儿肺功能的影响  

Effect of obesity on pulmonary function in asthmatic children of different age groups

作　　者：徐晓雯[1] 黄英[1] 王健[1] 张学莉[1] 梁凡梅 罗蓉[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属儿童医院呼吸中心/儿童发育疾病研究教育部重点实验室/儿科学重庆市重点实验室/儿童发育重大疾病国家国际科技合作基地,重庆400014

出　　处：《中国当代儿科杂志》2017年第5期519-523,共5页Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics

基　　金：重庆市卫生局医学科研项目资助(2012-2-96)

摘　　要：目的研究肥胖对不同年龄段初诊哮喘患儿肺功能的影响。方法 294名初诊哮喘患儿按年龄分为学龄前期组(<6岁)及学龄期组(6~12.5岁),并根据不同体重指数(BMI)分为体重正常哮喘组、超重哮喘组及肥胖哮喘组,检测患儿肺功能,包括大气道通气功能指标[用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒用力呼气量(FEV1)]和小气道通气功能指标[用力呼气25%、50%及75%流量的实测值占预计值的百分比,即MEF25%、MEF50%、MEF75%]。结果在校正了性别及BMI分组因素后,学龄期组FEV1%、MEF25%、MEF50%低于学龄前期组(P<0.05)。两年龄组正常体重患儿间比较,学龄期组基础肺功能FEV1%、MEF25%、MEF50%低于学龄前期组(P<0.05);两年龄组超重患儿间比较,学龄期组FVC%及MEF50%低于学龄前期组;两年龄组肥胖患儿间比较,肺功能各指标差异均无统计学意义。学龄前期肥胖组FVC%、FEV1%及MEF75%均低于体重正常组,而学龄期肥胖组仅FVC%和FEV1%与体重正常组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论肥胖对哮喘患儿基础肺功能的影响存在年龄差异,于学龄前期更明显。Objective To study the effect of obesity on pulmonary function in newly diagnosed asthmatic children of different age groups. Methods Two hundred and ninety-four children with newly diagnosed asthma were classified into preschool-age（6 years） and school-age（6 to 12.5 years） groups. They were then classified into obese, overweight, and normal-weight subgroups based on their body mass index（BMI）. All the children underwent pulmonary function tests, including large airway function tests [forced vital capacity（FVC%） and forced expiratory volume in one second（FEV1%）] and small airway function tests [maximal expiratory flow at 25% of vital capacity（MEF25%）, maximal expiratory flow at 50% of vital capacity（MEF50%）, and maximal expiratory flow at 75% of vital capacity（MEF75%）]. Results The school-age group showed lower FEV1%, MEF25%, and MEF50% than the preschool-age group（P〈0.05） after adjustment for sex and BMI. The normal-weight children in the school-age group had lower FEV1%, MEF25%, and MEF50% compared with their counterparts in the preschool-age group（P〈0.05）. The overweight children in the school-age group showed lower FVC% and MEF50% than those in the preschool-age group. However, all the pulmonary function parameters showed no significant differences between the obese children in the preschool-age and school-age groups. In the preschool-age group, FVC%, FEV1%, and MEF75% of the obese children were lower than those of the normal-weight children. In the school-age group, only FVC% and FEV1% showed differences between the obese and normal-weight children（P〈0.05）. Conclusions The effect of obesity on the pulmonary function varies with age in children with asthma, and the effect is more obvious in those of preschool age.

关 键 词：哮喘 体重指数 肺功能 儿童 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]