PTSD青少年执行功能缺陷的情绪特异性  

The emotional specificity of executive function defects of earthquake PTSD teenagers

作　　者：杨海波[1,2] 赵欣[1] 汪洋[1] 张磊[1] 王瑞萌[1] 张毅[1] 王力[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学心理与行为研究院,天津300074 [2]中国科学院心理研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《心理学报》2017年第5期643-652,共10页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院心理健康重点实验室(中国科学院心理研究所)经费资助;天津市哲学社会科学规划项目(TJJX15-002)经费资助

摘　　要：已有研究表明PTSD青少年存在执行功能缺陷,但尚不清楚这种缺陷是否具有情绪特异性。以2008年汶川地震重灾区汉旺中学PTSD、非PTSD以及非灾区青少年各28名为被试,探讨震后PTSD青少年执行功能缺陷是否具有情绪特异性。实验1采用经典Stroop范式,结果发现3组被试的Stroop效应量无显著差异;实验2采用情绪Stroop范式,结果发现PTSD组对地震信息的Stroop效应量显著大于非PTSD组和控制组。整个研究表明,震后PTSD青少年的执行功能缺陷具有情绪特异性。Previous studies have provided evidence regarding changes in executive function in adults and maltreated children with posttraumatic stress disorder （PTSD）. However, few studies have examined cognitive function in adolescents with PTSD related specifically to natural disasters. The goal of this current study is to assess the ＂cold＂ executive function and ＂hot＂ executive function in adolescents with PTSD after experiencing a magnitude 8.0 earthquake in Sichuan, China, 2008. Two experiments were designed to test our hypotheses. In study1, we investigated the ＂cold＂ executive function using the classic Stroop task. In study 2, the ＂hot＂ executive function was measured with the emotional Stroop task. The current research examined 947 junior high school students using PCL-5 questionnaires designed by trained psychiatrists. Results showed that 44 adolescents （aged 13-17 years） were diagnosed with PTSD after the Sichuan earthquake. The two tasks were administered to three groups of adolescents： （a） 28 PTSD adolescents （14 male, 14 female）; （b） 28 non-PTSD adolescents exposed to the same earthquake （14 male, 14 female）; （c） 28 healthy adolescents without earthquake experience （15 male, 13 female）. In the classic Stroop task, the analysis of variance （ANOVA） of mean reaction time （RT） only revealed a significant effect in congruent color words, indicating that the RTs of incongruent trials were significantly longer than those of congruent trials in all three groups. The Stroop effect on the PTSD group, non-PTSD group and the controlled teenagers showed no significant differences. The results proved that adolescents with PTSD performed similarly to non-PTSD and controlled teenagers in ＂cold＂ executive function in the classic Stroop task. In the emotional Stroop task, the ANOVA of mean RT revealed a significant interaction effect between group and word type. The simple effect test showed that the RTs of earthquake-related words of PTSD teenagers were significa

关 键 词：震后PTSD青少年 执行功能 STROOP任务 情绪Stroop任务 

分 类 号：R395[哲学宗教—心理学]