骶尾部泡沫敷料改良法在骨科压疮高危风险患者中的应用  

The application of improved foam dressing at sacrococcygeal region for the high risk of pressure ulcer patients of orthopedics

作　　者：杨千绮 罗艳[2] 李莉莉[3] 叶红燕[1] 阳淑琴[1] 肖霞[1] 赖允梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]赣南医学院第一附属医院骨科,赣州341000 [2]赣南医学院第一附属医院肿瘤科,赣州341000 [3]赣南医学院第一附属医院泌尿外科,赣州341000

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2017年第10期744-746,共3页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

基　　金：2015年江西省赣州市科技局指导性科技计划（GZ2015ZSF057）

摘　　要：目的 改良骶尾部泡沫敷料的使用方法,观察其应用效果.方法 将2015年5-12月住院的80例压疮高危风险患者按抽签法分为观察组和对照组,每组40例,观察组使用泡沫敷料前先进行适当裁剪,对照组按常规粘贴敷料,观察并对比分析2组间泡沫敷料使用情况与皮肤完整性情况.结果 观察组泡沫敷料使用块数（1.88±0.12）块/例,泡沫敷料使用时间（3.87±0.34）d/块,与对照组的（2.60±0.38）块/例、（2.13±0.89）d/块比较差异有统计学意义（t=11.427、11.551,P〈0.05）.观察组和对照组皮肤完好率分别为95.0%（38/40）和75.0%（30/40）,2组比较差异有统计学意义（χ2=6.275,P〈0.05）.结论 粘贴泡沫敷料前对敷料进行裁剪,便于临床护士动态观察患者皮肤情况,在皮肤出现压红时及时采取应对措施,能降低压疮的发生率;裁剪后的敷料不需反复揭开粘胶部分,因此能延长敷料的使用期限,节省住院费用.Objective To improve the usage of foam dressing at the sacrococcygeal region and observe its application effect. Methods A total of 80 hospitalized patients with high risk of pressure ulcer were chosen during May to December 2015 as study objects. Patients were drawn into the observation group and the control group, each group contained 40 members. Proper-cutting foam dressings and normal foam dressing were applied in patients by the observation group and the control group individually. Researchers made records by comparing and analyzing the usage time of dressing and the skin intact of two groups. Results The observation group used foam dressing （1.88±0.12） blocks per person, foam dressing use time was （3.87±0.34） d per block, and in the control group, they were （2.60±0.38） blocks per person, （2.13±0.89） d per block, there was significant difference between two groups （t=11.427, 11.551, P〈0.05）. The skin integrity rate of the observation group and the control group were 95.0%（38/40） and 75.0%（30/40）, the difference was statistically significant （χ2=6.275, P〈0.05）. Conclusions This study shows that the foam dressing need to be cut appropriately before pasting so that the clinical nurses can observe patient＇s skin conveniently. Once the skin has pressure red, the nurse can take timely measures to deal with it, which can decrease the incidence of pressure sores. The cutting dressing prolongs the period of using without removing the viscose part, which also can reduce the medical expenses.

关 键 词：医院 骨科 骶尾部 压力性溃疡 高危 泡沫敷料 改良 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]