超临界CO_2萃取稠油影响因素及规律研究  

Factors and Regularity of Supercritical CO_2 Extraction of Heavy Oil Impact

作　　者：范盼伟 朱维耀[1] 林吉生[2,3] 高成[4] 王善堂[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院,北京100083 [2]中国石化胜利油田分公司石油工程技术研究院 [3]山东省稠油开采技术省级重点实验室,东营257000 [4]中国石化胜利油田分公司现河采油厂,东营257068

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2017年第6期31-36,共6页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：中石化股份公司科技攻关项目(P14009)资助

摘　　要：CO_2驱是强化稠油开采的有效方法;但将CO_2注入储层达到其超临界条件会萃取稠油中的轻质组分,破坏稠油的胶体结构导致沥青质析出、堵塞孔喉。目前关于CO_2萃取原油的研究,主要存在被萃取物为模拟油(如柴油)、含油泥砂和油渣等和对萃取过程影响因素的研究集中在萃取压力和温度上这两个问题,对于真实稠油的研究较少,以及对萃取时间的影响规律研究不足。为此别用真实稠油对CO_2萃取前稠油的物性和萃取后萃取物组分进行分析,研究在CO_2萃取过程中压力、温度和萃取时间等因素的作用规律。结果表明:CO_2主要从稠油中萃取出轻质组分(烷烃),萃取量达到大约70%;随着轻质组分被萃取重质的沥青质发生聚沉、析出。CO_2萃取作用随着压力(10~20 MPa)的增大而增强,最终萃取率从8%增大到24%;但温度(60~90℃)对于最终萃取率的影响不大;压力和温度的升高都导致萃取过程中萃取增长率的升高,最高可达7.72%/h;且压力越大、温度越高萃取率也就最快达到平稳状态,此时萃取增长率在0.22%/h^0.35%/h之间;萃取时间为1~2h,萃取作用基本结束。CO2 flooding is an effective way to strengthen the heavy oil, but CO2 is injected into the reservoir reaches its supercritical conditions can extract heavy oil light components, heavy damage to the gel structure, leading to asphaltene precipitation, blocking pore throats.Currently studies on CO2 extraction of crude oil, mainly in the extract is to simulate an oil （such as diesel）, silt and diesel oil and other research on the extraction process and the factors focused on the extraction pressure and temperature on these two issues, the real thick few studies of oil, as well as the influence of the lack of research on the extraction time.To this end, used real heavy, to extract the components before and after CO2 extraction of heavy oil was extracted and analyzed to study the role of the law of pressure, temperature and extraction time and other factors in the CO2 extraction process.The results showed that： CO2 extraction from heavy oil mainly in the lighter components （alkanes）, extraction volume reached approximately 70%, with the light components are extracted, the occurrence of heavy asphaltenes coagulation precipitation.CO2;extraction effect as the pressure （10-20 MPa） increases to enhance the final extraction rate increased from 8% to 24%;but the temperature （60-90 ℃） is not the final extraction rate influence;pressure and temperature have led to increased extraction rate of increase in the extraction process, up to 7.72%/h, and the greater the pressure, the higher the temperature, the extraction rate is also the fastest to reach steady state, this time in the extraction rate of between 0.22%/h to 0.35%/h;extraction time was 1-2 h, extracted effect basically ended.

关 键 词：CO2萃取 稠油 压力 温度 时间 萃取率 

分 类 号：TE345[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]