对称双线性起爆技术在工程爆破中的应用  

Symmetric bilinear initiation technique in engineering blasting

作　　者：缪玉松[1] 李晓杰[1] 闫鸿浩[1] 王小红[1] 孙俊鹏[2] 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学工程力学系,辽宁大连116024 [2]大连经济技术开发区金源爆破工程有限公司,辽宁大连116600

出　　处：《工程爆破》2017年第1期6-11,共6页Engineering Blasting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(10972051;11272081)

摘　　要：在爆轰波碰撞和炸药与岩石匹配准则的基础上,提出对称双线性起爆技术,以提高炸药的能量利用率,降低岩石大块率。应用有限元软件中的流固耦合算法,分别对雷管和对称双线性起爆技术下的爆轰波传播和岩石破裂过程进行数值计算,得出采用对称双线性起爆时其中心线上的最大爆压比雷管增加2倍以上。同时,对称双线性起爆技术的岩石首先在中心线上发生大直径的破裂,而雷管起爆时,岩石则以垂直于炮孔壁的方向往四周扩展。将对称双线性起爆技术应用于实际工程,避免了爆破根底,降低了岩石大块率,无需二次破碎,为解决坚硬岩石爆破开挖提供了一种有效的技术手段。Based on the detonation wave collision and matching criteria between explosives and rocks, the symmetric bilinear initiation technique was put forward to improve the energy utilization of explosives and reduce bulk yield. Numerical calculation of the detonation wave propagation and rock failure process under detonator initiation and symmetry bilinear initiation technique were conducted respectively by applying the fluid-solid coupling algorithm in finite element software. It was observed that the maximum blasting pressure of the center line under symmetric bilinear initiation technique increased more than 2 times than that of under detonator initiation. Meanwhile, the rocks under symmetric bilinear initiation technique firstly broke in large diameter in the center line, while rocks under detonator initiation expanded around in the direction perpendicular to blasting hole. The symmetric bilinear blasting technique was applied to practical project. The blasting foundation was avoided, bulk yield was reduced and secondary crushing was not required. It could provide an effective technique means for the hard-rock blasting.

关 键 词：坚硬岩石 大块率 对称双线性起爆 雷管 起爆技术 数值计算 爆破根底 

分 类 号：TD235.2[矿业工程—矿井建设]