两种文物麻类纤维的鉴别研究  

Research on Identification of Two Historical Hemp Fibers

作　　者：闫惠娜[1] 赵丰 邢梦阳[1] 吴子婴[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学材料与纺织学院,杭州310018 [2]丝织品文物保护国家文物局重点科研基地中国丝绸博物馆,杭州310002

出　　处：《浙江理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第2期185-189,共5页Journal of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BHA58F01);国家文物局文物保护科技优秀青年研究计划项目(2015-294)

摘　　要：应用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶红外光谱仪等分别对亚麻,菠萝叶纤维,欧美时装藏品和晚清世博会的麻类样品进行观察和测试,通过对纤维外观形貌以及红外图谱的比较和分析,发现1号藏品麻纤维和2号亚麻纤维的截面均呈扁圆形且有中腔,3号菠萝叶纤维与4号世博会麻纤维样品的截面形状基本相似。在对这些纤维样品的截面尺寸和红外特征峰比值进行对比分析的基础上,结合参考相关文献可以基本确认1号和4号样品分别为亚麻纤维和菠萝叶纤维制品。本文可为文物麻纤维的识别和研究提供参考。The samples including flax, pineapple leaf fibers, and hemp fibers from Euramerican fashion and late Qing Expo were tested by optical microscope, scanning electron microscope （SEM） and FTIR spectrometer. It was found that the cross section of hemp fiber （No 1 collection） and flax （No 2 collection） showed flat round shape and there were obvious cavities. The cross section shape of pineapple leaf fiber （No 3 collection） and the hemp fiber sample from Expo （No 4 collection） was substantially similar. Based on contrastive analysis of specific value between sectional dimension and infrared characteristic peak of these fiber samples,we could basically affirm No 1 collection and No 4 collection were flax and pineapple leaf fiber products by combining relevant literature. This paper provides reference for identification and research of historical hemp fibers.

关 键 词：麻纤维 亚麻纤维 菠萝叶纤维 鉴别 红外分析 

分 类 号：TS109[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]