血清学检查在诊断新生儿ABO溶血病中的意义  

Significance of Serum Examination in Diagnosis of ABO Hemolytic Disease in Newborns

作　　者：唐建炳 TANG Jian-bing(Department of Transfusion Blood, Guilin People＇s Hospital, Guilin, Guangxi, 541002 China)

机构地区：[1]桂林市人民医院输血科,广西桂林541002

出　　处：《中外医疗》2017年第11期65-67,共3页China & Foreign Medical Treatment

摘　　要：目的通过对该院新生儿科送检的415例疑似为ABO新生儿溶血病(ABO-HDN)血样进行血清学检测并对影响因素进行分析,为临床诊断与治疗提供实验室依据。方法对该院新生儿科2013年1月—2016年9月送检的怀疑为ABO-HDN的415例新生儿血液标本进行ABO和Rh血型鉴定以及新生儿溶血3项试验检测,分析新生儿血液标本的检测结果,探讨血液标本检测结果的影响因素。结果 415例标本中直接抗人球蛋白试验阳性75例,占18.07%,游离抗体试验阳性282例,占67.95%,抗体释放试验阳性301例,占72.53%。最后确诊为ABO-HDN的301例,占72.53%,A型血患儿HDN的阳性检出率高于B型患儿,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。HDN的阳性检出率与标本送检时间有关,患儿出生后4 d内送检标本的阳性检出率最高,HDN的阳性检出率男性婴儿与女性婴儿基本一致。结论血清学检测有助于ABO新生儿溶血病的早期诊断和治疗;新生儿血型和标本送检时间对实验结果有明显影响,A型新生儿和出生后4 d内采集的标本检测阳性率较高,新生儿性别对结果无影响。Objective To test the serum of 415 cases suspected with ABO-HDN submitted by the neonatal department and analyze the influence factors and provide laboratory basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods The blood samples of 415 cases of newborns suspected with ABO-HDN submitted by the neonatal department from January 2013 to September 2016 were selected for ABO and Rh identification of blood group and newborn hemolytic disease, and the test results of newborns blood samples were analyzed and the influence factors of blood samples test results were discussed. Results In the 415 samples, there were 75 positive cases tested by the direct against human globulin, accounting for 72.53%,and 301 cases were finally diagnosed with ABO-HDN, accounting for 72.53%, and the positive test rate of HDN of children with type A blood was higher than that of children with type B, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05), and the positive test rate of HDN was correlated with the sample submission time, and in four days after the children were born,the positive test rate of submission samples was the highest, and the positive test rate of HDN of male infants was consistent with female infants. Conclusion serum test contributes to the early diagnosis and treatment of hemolytic disease of the newborns, and the blood group of newborns and sample submission time have no obvious effect on the experimental results, and the test positive rate of samples of newborns with type A blood and collected in four days, and there is no effect on the gender of newborns.

关 键 词：血清学检查 新生儿溶血病 ABO血型 母婴血型不合 IGG抗体 

分 类 号：R5[医药卫生—内科学]