自制护理用具在预防脑卒中伴吞咽障碍患者误吸的应用  

Application of Self-made Nursing Tools in Preventing the Aspiration of Patients with Stroke and Dysphagia

作　　者：张琰[1] 周雅英 刘文伟[1] 俸献珠[1] 邓玲玲[1] 付棉[1] 黄金山[1] ZHANG Yan ZHOU Ya-ying LIU Wen-wei FENG Xian-zhu DENG Ling-ling FU Mian HUANG Jin-shan(Second Department of Neurology, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Jiangbin Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021 China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区江滨医院神经内二科,广西南宁530021

出　　处：《中外医疗》2017年第11期172-174,共3页China & Foreign Medical Treatment

基　　金：广西壮族自治区卫生和计划生育委员会自筹科研项目(合同号Z2015074);"医用床头抬高角度量尺"2016年6月获实用新型专利(专利号:ZL 2015 2 1025185.8)

摘　　要：目的探讨正确使用自制床头抬高角度量尺对预防脑卒中伴吞咽障碍患者发生误吸的影响。方法整群选取2015年9月—2016年4月在该院住院的脑卒中合并吞咽功能障碍的208例患者进行床头抬高情况及误吸情况的观察,根据是否使用自制床头抬高角度量尺分为干预组和非干预组,各104例。非干预组使用目测法抬高床头,干预组使用床头抬高角度量尺抬高床头,对患者住院整个过程进行观察,比较两组床头抬高的准确率和误吸发生率。结果与非干预组相比,干预组的抬高准确率较高(干预组为96.2%,非干预组为89.9%(P<0.001),误吸发生率较低(干预组为3.6%,非干预组为5.2%(P<0.001),两组对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论自制床头抬高角度量尺可提高床头抬高的准确性,降低脑卒中伴吞咽障碍患者误吸的发生率,对预防卒中后吸入性肺炎有一定的临床价值。Objective To discuss the effect of accurate use of self-made nursing tools on the prevention of the aspiration of patients with stroke and dysphagia. Methods Group selection the head-of-bed elevation and aspiration situations of 208 cases of patients with stroke and dysphagia in our hospital from September 2015 to April 2016 were observed and the patients were divided into two groups with 104 cases in each according to whether to use the self-made head-of-bed elevation scale, the non-intervention group used the visual method, while the intervention group used the head-of-bed elevation scale, and the whole hospitalization course of patients was observed and the accurate rate of head-of-bed and incidence rate of aspiration were compared between the two groups. Results The elevation accurate rate in the intervention group was higher(96.2% in the intervention group, 89.9% in the non-intervention group(P<0.001), and the incidence rate of aspiration was lower(3.6% in the intervention group, 5.2% in the non-intervention group(P<0.001), and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion The self-made head-of-bed elevation scale can improve the accurate rate of elevation and reduce the incidence rate of patients with stroke and dysphagia, which is of a certain clinical value to the prevention of inhalation pneumonia after stroke.

关 键 词：床头抬高角度量尺 脑卒中 吞咽障碍 误吸 

分 类 号：R473.74[医药卫生—护理学]