底部渗灌下容器类型及规格对油松根系结构的影响  

Sub-irrigation with different container types and sizes for containerized root growth of Pinus tabuliformis seedlings

作　　者：滕飞[1] 刘勇[1] 王琰[1] 胡嘉伟[1] 孙巧玉[1] 万芳芳[1] 张劲[1] TENG Fei LIU Yong WANG Yan HU Jiawei SUN Qiaoyu WAN Fangfang ZHANG Jin(Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2017年第3期449-458,共10页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金：国家林业局引进国际先进农业科学技术计划("948"计划)项目(2012-4-66)

摘　　要：探索底部渗灌条件下最适合油松Pinus tabuliformis容器苗生长的容器类型及规格,对容器苗底部渗灌技术应用的可行性提供理论依据,完善油松容器苗的培育技术。试验采用嵌套式试验设计,以油松播种容器苗为研究对象,在底部渗灌条件下,设置硬塑料容器(HPC),无纺布容器(NWC)和黑色塑料容器(BPC)等3种容器类型各2种规格,通过对油松苗根系主根长、生物量、径级分布等形态指标以及不同容器耗水规律指标的测定,探讨不同容器类型及规格对苗木根系形态结构的影响。研究表明:底部渗灌条件下,利用硬塑料容器培育的油松苗主根长为15.56 cm,而黑色塑料为23.93 cm,远超容器长度,造成窝根现象严重;硬塑料容器(0.15 g)和黑色塑料容器(0.17 g)苗木的主根干质量无显著差异,但均显著大于无纺布容器(0.13 g,P<0.05);硬塑料容器下苗木细根(0.00mm<D<0.50 mm)发育最好,其根系累计长度、根累计表面积和根累计体积分别占比为71%,52%和29%,且长规格硬塑料容器明显促进细根的生长;硬塑料容器最有利于根部氮磷钾的积累。同时,底部渗灌期间,硬塑料容器耗水量最少,仅为391.95 m L·株^(-1)。综上所述,底部渗灌条件下,长规格硬塑料容器(3.80 cm×21.00 cm)最有利于油松播种苗根系的生长,细根更发达,有利于苗木对养分的吸收,对今后提高造林成活率有明显优势。An experiment was conducted to study the effect of sub-irrigation with different container types and sizes on root morphology and physiological indexes as well as water-use efficiency for containerized Pinus tabu-liformis seedlings. A nested experimental design with treatments of two sizes of hard plastic containers （3.8 cm×14.0 cm and 3.8 cm× 14.0 cm）, two sizes of non-woven fabric containers （4.5 cm×10.0 cm and 4.5 cm× 15.0 cm）, and two sizes of black plastic containers （10.0 cm×10.0 cm and 10.0 cm×15.0 cm） was conducted. Results showed that different container types were significantly different for various indexes of seedling roots （P 〈0.05） and the influence of root mass quality （P 〈 0 .0 5 ） . The taproot length of containerized P. tabuliformis seedlings cultivated in the hard plastic container was 15.56 cm; whereas, the black plastic container was 23.93 cm, which was 1.5 times of the length of the long container. The taproot dry weights for hard plastic containers （0.15 g） and black plastic containers （0.17 g） were not significantly different （P 〈0 .05 ） , but both were sig-nificantly greater （P〈0.05 ） than the non-woven containers （0.13g）. The proportion of fine roots cultivated by hard long plastic containers was 71A （length）, 52A （surface area）, and 29A （volume）, respectively. Thehard plastic containers were significantly higher （ P〈0.05 ） than the other two types of containers for accumu-lation of root nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium （N PK ）. Meanwhile, water consumption of hard plastic con-tainers was only 391.95 mL per plant. In summary, sub-irrigation with long, hard plastic containers （3.80 cm ×21.00 cm ）, having more developed fine roots that could absorb nutrients, was most conducive for containerized P. tahuliformis seedlings, and thereby could improve survival.

关 键 词：森林培育学 底部渗灌 容器类型 容器规格 油松 根系 

分 类 号：S723.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]