生物质炭对土壤中重金属形态和迁移性的影响及作用机制  

Mechanism and effects of biochar application on morphology and migration of heavy metals in contaminated soil

作　　者：张建云[1,2] 高才慧 朱晖[2] 钟水根[2] 杨纹砚 郑均泷 吴胜春[1,2] 单胜道[3] 王志荣 张进[1,2] 曹志洪[5] Peter CHRISTIE ZHANG Jianyun GAO Caihui ZHU Hui ZHONG Shuigen YANG Wenyan ZHENG Junlong WU Shengchun SHAN Shengdao WANG Zhirong ZHANG Jin CAO Zhihong Peter CHRISTIE(Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province,Zhejiang A ＆ F University,Lin＇an 311300,Zhejiang,China School of Environmental and Resource Sciences,Zhejiang A ＆F University,Lin ＇ an 311300,Zhejiang,China Institute of Ecology and Environment,Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, Zhejiang, China Office of Zhejiang Provincial Agriculture Ecology and Energy, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang, China Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学浙江省土壤污染生物修复重点实验室,浙江临安311300 [2]浙江农林大学环境与资源学院,浙江临安311300 [3]浙江科技学院生态环境研究所,浙江杭州310023 [4]浙江省农业生态与能源办公室,浙江杭州310012 [5]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2017年第3期543-551,共9页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金：浙江省重点科技创新团队项目(2013TD12/12);浙江省科学技术公益项目(2015C33050);浙江省"三农六方"科技协作项目(CTZB-F150922AWZ-SNY1);浙江省大学生科技创新活动计划暨新苗人才计划项目(2015R412005)

摘　　要：生物质炭是生物质原料在缺氧条件下经高温裂解而成的一种固体产物,它们在土壤重金属污染修复中的应用是当前环境研究的热点之一。对目前生物质炭研究的进展进行了综述,阐明了生物质炭施入土壤可通过物理吸附、离子吸附、离子交换、沉淀络合等交互作用机制,显著降低土壤重金属的有效态,减少它们在环境介质中的迁移性,从而降低土壤重金属的生物毒性。但是生物质炭的研究仍然存在许多问题,特别是如何增强它们在土壤环境中对重金属离子钝化的稳定性、长效性以及生物质炭—土壤—作物—人体健康风险一体化研究等方面,仍需要持续深入研究。The applications of biochar,a pyrolytic product of biomass under the oxygen-free conditions,in im-proving soil fer tility and other physicochemical properties as well as remediating heavy metal contaminated soil have become one o f hotspots in the frontiers of environmental research. This paper reviewed the up-to-date pro-gresses of the research concerning biochar,in an attempt to illustrate the mechanisms related to the interactions between heavy metals and biochar,including physical adsorption,ionic adsorption and exchange,precipitation and complexation,by which the bioavai labil ity,mobi lity,and biotoxicity o f heavy metals in soil could be effec-tively reduced. However,there still exist some problems,especially regarding how to enhance the long-term stability of biochar in immobilizing the metal ions. Meanwhile,the consortium study concerning the biochar- soil-crops-human health is urgently needed in the near future.

关 键 词：土壤学 生物质炭 重金属 土壤污染 修复机制 综述 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学] X53[农业科学—农业基础科学]