基于Climate Consultant的拉萨传统民居气候适应性分析  

Climatic Adaptation Analysis of Vernacular Houses of Lhasa by Climate Consultant

作　　者：何泉[1,2,3] 王文超[1] 刘加平[1,2,3] 杨柳[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学建筑学院,西安710055 [2]陕西省西部绿色建筑协同创新中心,西安710055 [3]西部绿色建筑国家重点实验室,西安710055

出　　处：《建筑科学》2017年第4期94-100,共7页Building Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目"地域生态导向下的康巴藏区民居建筑适应性模式研究"(51208420);国家杰出青年科学基金项目"建筑热环境"(51325803);国家创新研究群体项目"西部建筑环境与能耗控制理论研究"(51221865)

摘　　要：建筑师在构思方案时对气候往往是基于模糊的经验判断,对于全年动态的天气变化缺乏科学的认知,气候分析软件就成为快速了解某地气候特征的有力工具。本文通过Climate Consultant软件对拉萨气象数据进行分析,提出适宜当地的被动式建筑策略,并依据建筑气候学原理,对拉萨传统民居在气候适应性方面的优势及不足做出评判,得到了当地民居为应对特殊的气候条件,在建筑形体、空间布局、建筑材料、生活方式等方面形成良好适应性的结论,同时也指出了强烈太阳辐射带来的光、热之间的矛盾是降低民居被动式太阳能利用效率的重要原因。When architects design plans of houses, they often estimate the local climate by vague experiences and have little scientific conception of annual weather change. Therefore, analytic software could be a strong tool that helps them understand quickly the local climate of a particular location. The climate data of Lhasa was analyzed by the software Climate Consultant. Appropriate passive building strategies were put forward. Climatic adaptation and inadaptation of vernacular houses of Lhasa were evaluated according to the principles of Bioclimatie Architecture. It is concluded that vernacular houses of Lhasa forms good adaptation to the special climate in building configuration, spatial layout, building materials and life styles, while strong solar radiation brings conflicts between luminous effect and thermal effect which lowers efficiency of passive solar use as a significant factor.

关 键 词：建筑气候学 气候数据 分析软件 拉萨民居 气候适应性 被动式策略 

分 类 号：TU119[建筑科学—建筑理论]