不同脱叶催熟剂对绿豆机收特性及产量性状的影响  

Effect of Different Chemical Defoliation and Ripening Agents on Mechanical Harvesting Characteristics and Yield Traits in Mungbean

作　　者：闫虎斌[1] 赵雪英[1] 朱慧珺[1] 张泽燕[1] 张春明[1] 张耀文[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院作物科学研究所,山西太原030031

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2017年第5期710-714,共5页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省农业科学院攻关项目(YGG1436;YGG1601);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-09-G11);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD07B05-02-1)

摘　　要：为了使成熟期绿豆适应机械化收获的要求,以晋绿豆8号为试验材料,研究了立收谷、草铵膦与乙烯利3种不同药剂及配比对成熟期绿豆的脱叶催熟效果。结果显示,脱叶催熟剂喷施6 d左右就可使绝大多数的叶片脱落或干枯,茎秆含水量也较对照降低10%以上,籽粒含水量可下降到采收的标准;混配的脱叶催熟剂以及单喷施乙烯利均有一定的催熟作用;脱叶催熟剂在喷施9 d时落荚率明显升高,且药剂用量越大落荚率越高;喷施脱叶催熟剂对绿豆百粒质量和单株产量的影响较小,但会导致不同程度的产量损失;将脱水效果和籽粒产量进行综合分析认为,在绿豆成熟后期采用脱叶催熟剂进行催熟时,首选立收谷1 500 m L/hm2+乙烯利4 500 m L/hm2(LSG1),该混配药剂具有脱叶、脱水和催熟效果明显,对产量影响较小的特点。To adapt to the requirements of mechanized harvesting, the experiment was carried out with Jinitt 8 as the material, and when 80% of the pods of the mungbean turned black were sprayed with defoliation and ripening agent which mixed with different concentrations of diquat, glufosinate and ethephon. The result showed that most leaves could be shed or dried in 6 days after sprayed, and the water content of stem was also 10% lower than that of the control. The water content of the grain decreased to the harvesting standard. The mixed defoliation ripening agents and the single spraying of ethephon had ripening effect. The pod abscission was markedly increased after 9 days. The higher the dose, the higher the pod dropping rate. Spraying defoliation and ripening agent of mungbean had little effect on 100-seed quality and yield per plant, but it could lead to varying degrees yield loss. The dehydration effect and grain yield were analyzed synthetically showed that the treatment LSGI （diquat 1 500 mL/hm%2 ＋ ethephon 4 500 mL/hm^2） had the significantly effect of defoliation, dehydration and ripening, and less effect on yield losses.

关 键 词：绿豆 脱叶 催熟 机械收获 

分 类 号：S522[农业科学—作物学]