滇池蓝藻水华发生频率与气象因子的关系  

Relationship between occurrence frequency of cyanobacteria bloom and meteorological factors in Lake Dianchi

作　　者：鲁韦坤[1,2] 余凌翔[2] 欧晓昆[1] 李发荣[3] 

机构地区：[1]云南大学生态学与地植物学研究所,昆明650091 [2]云南省气候中心,昆明650034 [3]昆明市环境监测中心,昆明650032

出　　处：《湖泊科学》2017年第3期534-545,共12页Journal of Lake Sciences

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2010ZX07102-006);云南省社会事业发展专项(2011CA014)联合资助

摘　　要：蓝藻水华暴发是在一定的营养、气候、水文条件和生态环境下形成的藻类过度繁殖和聚集的现象,是水体环境因子(如总氮、总磷、pH值、溶解氧)和气象因子综合作用的结果.然而滇池周年性水华暴发标志着滇池蓝藻水华在当前水质条件下,气象因子为关键影响因子.为了进一步探究滇池蓝藻水华发生与气象因子的规律,本文利用2010-2011年滇池蓝藻水华遥感监测资料与周边地面气象站逐月资料,研究滇池蓝藻水华月发生频率与月气象因子的关系.结果显示,滇池蓝藻水华发生频率与平均气温、最低气温、平均风速、累计日照时数和降雨量等气象因子均表现为显著相关,其中与日照时数和风速呈显著负相关.各因子中与风速的相关系数最高,说明滇池各月蓝藻水华发生频率高低与风速关系最为密切,进一步验证了在具备蓝藻水华发生所需营养盐条件下,水体稳定性对蓝藻水华发生的影响更为重要的结论.以上结果可为科学预测蓝藻水华发生,并采取相应措施减少其带来的影响提供理论依据.The published study suggested that cyanobacterla bloom was a phenomenon of excessive reproduction and aggregation with certain nutrient levels, climate and hydrological conditions and was the result of the comprehensive effect of meteorological and water environmental factors such as total nitrogen, total phosphorus, pH values. It was also found that annual outbreak of cyanobac- teria bloom in Lake Dianehi indicated that, under the current condition of water quality, the main factor was the meteorological fac- tor. In order to further explore the regularity between meteorological factors and occurrence of cyanobacterial bloom, the relationship between frequency of cyanobacteria bloom and meteorological factors were studied, by using the remote sensing data of cyanobacte- ria bloom and the monthly meteorological data from the stations nearby Lake Dianchi from 2010 to 2011. The results showed that the cyannbacterial bloom frequency had significant correlation with the average temperature, minimum temperature, average wind speed, cumulative sunshine hours and precipitation, which had a significant negative correlation with sunshine hours and wind speed, respectively. Among the factors, the wind speed had the highest correlation coefficient. It showed that the weaker wind speed was the most closely related to the occurrence of cyanobacteria bloom in Lake Dianchi. And this further verified that the sta- bility of the water body had a more important effect on the occurrence of cyanobacteria bloom, under certain conditions of sufficient nutrients for requires of cyanobacteria bloom. These results can be used as a scientific prediction to forecast the occurrence of cya- nobacteria bloom, and to take appropriate measures to reduce the impact of the cyanobacteria bloom.

关 键 词：滇池 蓝藻水华 遥感 气象因子 环境因子 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]