微生物肥料对呼伦贝尔打孔羊草草甸草原土壤微生物及酶活性的影响研究  

Effect of Combined Microbial Fertilizer on Soil Microorganism and Enzyme Activity in the Hulunber Punching Leymus chinensis Meadow Steppe

作　　者：闫瑞瑞[1] 卫智军[2] 乌仁其其格[3] 陈金强[1] 代景忠[2] 姚静[1] 白玉婷[2] 辛晓平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所//呼伦贝尔草原生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,北京100081 [2]内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [3]呼伦贝尔学院生命科学与化学学院,内蒙古海拉尔021008

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2017年第4期597-604,共8页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303060);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0500601);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610132016033;1610132016027);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-35-11)

摘　　要：以呼伦贝尔退化羊草(Leymus chinensis)草甸草原割草场为研究对象,研究在打孔羊草草甸草原施加不同微生物肥料处理下土壤养分、微生物量碳氮和酶活性的变化及影响土壤微生物量碳氮和酶活性的关键土壤因子,旨在为退化羊草草甸草原生态系统的改良、恢复及合理利用提供科学依据。结果表明,(1)水分正常年份,土壤中全碳和全氮含量最高值均出现在腐殖酸+微生物菌剂(F+J)处理,分别比对照(CK)提高1.84%~18.53%、1.24%~31.67%,其他不同处理土壤养分无显著差异。(2)土壤生物活性与土壤水热状况密切相关,在雨水正常的2014年,土壤微生物量碳、氮含量最高值分别出现在F+J和海藻酸+微生物菌剂(H+J)处理,分别比CK提高36.52%和28.56%;在降水较少、气候干燥的2015年,土壤微生物量碳、氮含量最高值分别出现在海藻酸(H)和糖蜜发酵(T),分别比CK提高9.86%和15.02%;(3)打孔+施微肥短期效应能够影响土壤蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶,2014年土壤蔗糖酶表现为H+J和F+J显著高于其他处理,较CK分别提高了10.68%和10.12%,2015年不同打孔与施微生物肥料处理比CK提高4.72%~9.84%,且腐殖酸(F)、H、T以及F+J处理显著高于CK;2015年土壤过氧化氢酶表现为F和F+J显著高于CK,提高了2.50%。(4)土壤全碳,速效钾、速效氮,电导率分别为土壤蔗糖酶,脲酶,过氧化氢酶的关键影响因子,土壤全磷、速效磷为土壤微生物量的关键影响因子。综合分析表明,施入复合微生物肥料与微生物菌剂有助于提高呼伦贝尔打孔羊草草甸草原土壤微生物量碳氮含量和土壤酶活性,有利于改善草原土壤生物化学肥力状况。In order to provide scientific basis for improvement, restoration and reasonable use of degraded Leymus chinensis meadow steppe ecosystem, the effect of different microbial fertilizer addition levels on the soil nutrients,soil microbial biomass and soil enzyme activities of on hulunbuir perforated L. chinensis meadow steppe mowing pasture was studied and the key soil factor that its affecting soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen and soil enzyme activity was analyzed. The results show that： （1） soil total carbon and total nitrogen was highest in humic acid ＋ high microbial agents （F＋J） treatment in a normal or sufficient year for rain, and soil total carbon and total nitrogen respectively increased 1.84%~18.53% and 1.24%~31.67%, there was no significant differences among all other the treatments; （2） Soil biological activity is closely related to soil hydrothermal condition, the microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen contents were highest in F＋J treatment and H＋J treatment in the rain normal years, and respectively increased 57.52% and 19.01% than those of CK, while the microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen contents were not significant affected under different treatments in dry year; （3） Soil invertase of H＋J and F＋J treatment were significantly higher than other treatment in 2014, increased by 10.68% and 10.12% respectively than CK, whereas in dry year of 2015, soil invertase was significantly higher in F, H, T and F＋J treatments than CK （increased ranged from 4.72% to 9.84%）, soil catalase in F and F＋J treatments were significantly higher than CK, increased by 2.50%; And （4） the key factor of influence soil invertase enzyme, utease enzyme, catalase enzyme respectively was soil totle C, soil aviliable K, soil aviliable N and conductivity; The key factor of influence soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen respectively was soil totle P, soil aviliable P. These results implied that compound microbial fertilizer and microbial agents together could be useful to in

关 键 词：羊草草甸草原 打孔 微生物肥料 土壤肥力 土壤微生物 土壤酶活性 

分 类 号：S812.29[农业科学—草业科学] X17[农业科学—畜牧学]