渗灌用黏土基微孔陶瓷灌水器入渗性能研究  

Infiltration Performance of Clay-based Porous Ceramics Used in Subsurface Irrigation

作　　者：蒲文辉 张新燕[1,2] 朱德兰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学中国旱区节水农业研究院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2017年第5期17-21,共5页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2015BAD22B01-02);高等学校学科创新引智计划(111计划)资助项目(B12007);西北农林科技大学基本科研业务专项资金资助项目(2014YB061)

摘　　要：针对3种孔径相同开口孔隙率和渗流面积不同的黏土基微孔陶瓷灌水器,进行了水力性能和土壤入渗试验研究。结果表明,相同条件下微孔陶瓷开口孔隙率和渗流面积越大,灌水器渗流量越大;灌水器入渗性能受灌水时间、土壤类型和进口压力的影响。随着灌水时间延长土壤含水率增加,入渗速率减小;在无压条件下,黄绵土入渗速率较砂土大,随着进口压力增大,砂土入渗速率大于黄绵土入渗速率;同时随着进口压力增大灌水器入渗速率增大且稳定时间缩短。Three kinds of microporous clay ceramics with uniform microstructure,the same pore size about 5- 20μm but different open porosity of 19%, 32% and 24% are fabricated from the powder blend of clay and slag by sintering. By testing the hydraulic performance of the irri- gation emitters in air and different soils, the effects of the open porosity of microporous ceramic specimens, size of infiltration area, soil type, irrigation time as well as the water head in irrigation pipeline on the flow rate of irrigation emitters are discussed in detail. According to the testing results, under the same conditions the greater the porosity and infiltration area of micro porous ceramics, the greater the infiltration capacity of the emitter. Infiltration quantity is affected by irrigation time, soil type and pressure head on the infiltration rate of irrigation water at the same time. The infiltration rate decreases and the soil moisture content increases with the increase in irrigation time. Under the condition of no pressure, the emitters have a smaller flow rate in sand than in loessal soil, with the increase in the inlet pressure. In the same soil, with the increase in the pressure head, the infiltration capacity of the irrigation water increases, but the time of flow from the unstable into a stable time has been shortened.

关 键 词：渗灌 微孔陶瓷 开口孔隙率 入渗性能 

分 类 号：TV93[水利工程—水利水电工程]