脊尾白虾全人工繁育技术初步研究  

Controlled Propagation of Ridgetail White Prawn Exopalaemon carinicauda

作　　者：梁俊平[1,2] 李健[2,3] 李吉涛[2,3] 刘萍[2,3] 刘德月[2,3] 戴芳钰[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学水产学院河南省水产动物养殖工程技术研究中心,河南新乡453007 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所农业部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [3]青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《水产科学》2017年第3期290-295,共6页Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31472275);国家虾产业技术体系项目(CARS-47);泰山产业领军人才工程项目(LJNY2015002);青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室鳌山科技创新计划项目(2015ASKJ02)

摘　　要：脊尾白虾是我国沿海地区池塘养殖重要品种,但目前尚未实现全人工繁育,严重制约了产业进一步发展。选取野生脊尾白虾作为亲虾,经过越冬培育、促熟交尾、幼体孵化培育、仔虾选育等手段,进行了脊尾白虾全人工繁育技术研究。试验结果显示,在盐度31.3、水温18.1~26.2℃、pH 8.1条件下,室内越冬脊尾白虾亲虾可成功培养至性腺成熟,并交尾抱卵,平均抱卵率达70%,平均孵化率为61.02%。幼体最佳培育密度20尾/L,仔虾适宜养殖密度0.13~0.53尾/L,培育至2cm时存活率可达80%,继续培育3个月后发育至性成熟。一年可繁殖2~3代。在此基础上建立了脊尾白虾近交家系,现已培育至第6代,各家系繁殖力、生长速度和存活率均未出现近交衰退现象。本研究初步解决了脊尾白虾室内全人工繁育技术,并为试验动物培育奠定了良好的技术基础。The aim of the present experiment is to provide the artificial breeding technology of ridgetail white prawn Exopalaemon carinicauda, using comprehensive measures such as overwinter culture, pro- motion of gonadal maturation, larval cultivation, and rearing of post-larvae. The results showed that the ridgetail white prawn were cultivated to be eggs-carrying broodstock at water temperature of 18. 1- 26.2 ℃, a salinity of 31. 3 and pH 8. 1, and induced to mate and spawn, with average success rate of 70%, and average hatching rate of 61.02%. The larvae were suitablly developed at density of 20 individu- al/L, and the post-larvae had suitable density of 0.13-0.53 individual/L, with the survival rate of 80% in the juveniles. The juveniles were cultivated for 80 days when the ovaries were mature. The artificial breed- ing technology of ridgetail white prawn was first succeeded, breeding 2-3 generations each year. Based on the artificial breeding technology, the 6 generations of ridgetail white prawn were bred, without significant recession of fecundity, growth rate and survival rate in the inbreeding families of ridgetail white prawn. The findings provide a basis for cultivating of ridgetail white prawn as a laboratory animal.

关 键 词：脊尾白虾 人工繁育 近交家系 

分 类 号：S968.22[农业科学—水产养殖]