固定化新月菱形藻的制备及其对N、P吸收的影响  

The effect of the immobilized Nitzschia closterium's preparation on the removal of NH_4^+-N and PO_4^(3-)-P

作　　者：丁玉惠[1] 黄晨[1] 陈锵[1] 尤泽文 蒋霞敏[1] 韩庆喜[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学海洋学院,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《宁波大学学报（理工版）》2017年第3期12-18,共7页Journal of Ningbo University：Natural Science and Engineering Edition

基　　金：国家级大学生创新训练计划(201611646003);浙江省公益项目(2015C3204);宁波市科技项目(2015C10062)

摘　　要：为优化固定化新月菱形藻(Nitzschia closterium)在污水中去氮、磷的效果,以褐藻酸钠为固定化载体,采用单因子试验方法,研究了不同包埋藻细胞密度(0、0.27×10~7、0.81×10~7、1.35×10~7、1.89×10~7、2.43×10~7 cells·m L^(-1)),不同藻球直径(2.5、3.0、3.5、4.0 mm),3%CaCl_2溶液不同加固时间(0、1、2、4、6、8 h)、不同藻球用量(0、7.5、15.0、22.5、30.0、37.5 g·L^(-1))和不同加固时间下反复使用次数对氮、磷的去除效果.结果表明:包埋藻细胞密度为1.35×10~7 cells·ml^(-1)时单位藻细胞去除NH_4^+-N和PO_4^(3-)-P的效果较好.藻球规格对NH_4^+-N和PO_4^(3-)-P去除效率的影响不显著(P>0.05).CaCl_2加固时间2~8 h对藻球中藻细胞生长、NH_4^+-N和PO_4^(3-)-P去除率没有显著影响(P>0.05),但均显著高于加固1 h,未经加固的藻球极易破损.藻球投放质量越大,NH_4^+-N和PO_4^(3-)-P的去除速度越快,投放量为30 g·L^(-1),培养9 d后,NH_4^+-N和PO_4^(3-)-P去除率可达80%以上.固定化藻球反复使用3次以上,其NH_4^+-N和PO_4^(3-)-P的去除效率下降.由此得出:固定化新月菱形藻球包埋藻细胞密度以1.35×10~7 cells·m L^(-1),藻球直径3.5 mm为佳;藻球制作时在3%CaCl_2溶液中加固最佳时间为2 h;藻球用量为30 g·L^(-1);对藻球定期(9 d)进行加固,有利于增加藻球使用寿命,并保持其较好的氮、磷去除率.Microalgae Nitzschia closterium, immobilized with sodium alginate, was carried out to explore its removal efficiency of NH4^＋-N and PO4^3--P from artificial sewage water. Different algae ball densities （0, 0.27×10^7, 0.81×10^7, 1.35×10^7, 1.89×10^7, 2.43×10^7 cells·mL^-1）, different algae ball size （the diameter of ball being 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0 mm）, different reinforcement time of algal balls with 3% CaCl2 （0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 h）, different amount of algae balls （0, 7.5, 15.0, 22.5, 30.0, 37.5 g·L^-1） and repeated use times with different reinforcement time were applied in the single-factor experiment. The results showed that 1.3×10^7 cells·mL^-1 was the best cell density. The growth rate of K value achieved the highest and the removal rate of NH4^＋-N and PO43^--P were the highest when the diameter was 3.5 mm. With CaC12 reinforcing 2 h, the algae balls work longer and assimilate much more NH4^＋-N and PO4^3--P. The amount of immobilized algae balls and removal rate of NH4^＋-N and PO4^3--P were positively related. After nine days＇ cultivation, the removal effect reached up to 80% with the dosage being 30 g·L^-1. The removal efficiencies of NH4^＋-N and PO4^3--P were greatly decreased by the repeated use of immobilized algae balls for more than three times. The study thus optimized the conditions for preparation of immobilized Nitzschia closterium, including the algal cells＇ embedded density being 1.35 ×10^7 cells/ball, algae balls＇ size being 3.5mm, and dosage of algae balls being 30 g·L^-1, together with CaCl2 reinforcing for 2 h.

关 键 词：新月菱形藻 固定化 NH4^+-N PO4^3--p 除去率 

分 类 号：Q142[生物学—生态学]