胸腺-胸廓比评价胎儿胸腺大小及其临床意义  

Evaluation of fetal thymus size with thymic-thoracic ratio and clinical significance

作　　者：王银[1] 刘彦英[1] 李谊[1] 吴丽桑[1] 梁照秋[1] 丛淑珍[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省人民医院广东省医学科学院超声科,广东广州510080

出　　处：《中国医学影像技术》2017年第5期735-738,共4页Chinese Journal of Medical Imaging Technology

摘　　要：目的探讨胸腺-胸廓比(T-T)评价胎儿胸腺发育的价值。方法对317名孕18~39周健康单胎妊娠孕妇行产前超声检查,于三血管-气管(3VT)切面观察正常胎儿胸腺特征,测量胸骨后缘至主动脉前缘的距离(T1)与胸骨后缘至椎体前缘的距离(T2),二者之比即为T-T值。绘制T-T值随孕周变化的散点图,并进行Spearman回归分析。结果 3VT切面显示胎儿胸腺位于前上纵隔内,表现为一不规则"四边形"低回声实质性结构。正常胎儿T-T平均值为(0.45±0.03)。T-T值与孕周无相关性(r_s=0.06,P=0.29)。结论产前超声检查可清晰显示胎儿胸腺,T-T值可用以评价胎儿胸腺大小,为胎儿胸腺缺如或发育不良提供诊断依据。Objective To explore value of detecting fetal thymus size with the thymic-thoracic ratio（TT-ratio）.Methods Prenatal ultrasonography examinations were performed on totally 317 normal singleton healthy pregnancies from 18 to 39 gestational weeks.The normal thymus of fetus were observed on the three-vessel-trachea（3VT）view.The anteroposterior diameter of the thymus（T1）was measured between the anterior border of the aortic arch and posterior border of sternum.The intrathoracic mediastinal diameter（T2）was measured between the anterior border of thoracic vertebral body and posterior border of sternum.The TT-ratio was then calculated as the ratio of T1 to T2.Scatter plot between TT-ratio and gestational age was drawn.And the Spearmanregression analysis was performed.Results The thymus of fetus was shown as an irregular homogenous structure in the anterior mediastinum on the 3VT view.The mean TT-ratio was 0.45±0.03.There was no correlation between TT-ratio and gestation（rs=0.06,P=0.29）.Conclusion Prenatal ultrasound can display the thymus obviously.TT-ratio could be applied to assess the fetal thymus size,which can provides clinical basis for the detection of absent or hypoplastic thymus in fetus.

关 键 词：超声检查 产前 胎儿 胸腺 

分 类 号：R714.51[医药卫生—妇产科学] R445.1[医药卫生—临床医学]