二倍体黄芩与四倍体黄芩D20药材性状及显微特征比较研究  

Comparative study on shapes,properties and microscopic characteristics between diploid Radix Scutellariae and tetraploid Radix Scutellariae D20

作　　者：刘玉[1] 杜弢[1,2,3] 柴俊雯 陈红刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃中医药大学药学院,甘肃兰州730000 [2]甘肃省中药质量与标准研究重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [3]甘肃中医药大学药用植物遗传育种研究所,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《甘肃中医药大学学报》2017年第2期65-69,共5页Journal of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine

基　　金：中央本级重大增减支项目(2060302);甘肃省中药材产业科技攻关项目(GYC12-05)

摘　　要：目的研究二倍体黄芩和四倍体黄芩D20的药材性状及显微特征。方法采用性状鉴别和显微鉴别的方法分别对二倍体黄芩和四倍体黄芩D20药材性状、横切面及粉末的显微特征进行研究。结果外观性状:四倍体黄芩D20比二倍体黄芩的根较粗壮肥实,分支多,单株产量高。显微特征:二倍体黄芩根的横切面特征表现为皮层与韧皮部界限明显,而四倍体黄芩D20皮层与韧皮部界限不明显且木射线宽广,较二倍体黄芩多。粉末特征:韧皮纤维、石细胞较二倍体黄芩大。结论二倍体黄芩与四倍体黄芩D20因染色体数目不同,二者的性状区别较大,组织结构和粉末非常相似,但也存在细微差异。Objective To make a comparative study on the shapes, properties and microscopic characteristics between diploid Scutellaria baicalensis and tetraploid Scutellaria baicalensis D20. Methods Shapes, properties, cross sections and powder microscopic characteristics of the two crude drugs were observed through morphological and microscopic identification. Results In terms of appearance, tetraploid Scutellaria baicalensis D20 had thicker and stronger root, more root branches and higher yield per plant than diploid Scutellaria baicalensis;as to microsco- pic structure, cross section of diploid Scutellaria baicalensis had an obvious boundary between cortex and phloem, while that of tetraploid Scutellaria baicalensis D20 was not obvious, had broader and more wood rays than the dip- loid ; for powder microscopic characteristics, bast fibers and stone cells of the tetraploid were bigger than the diploid. Conclusion Due to different chromosome numbers, the two drugs have quite differences on shapes and properties; even they have similarity on organizational structure and powder, subtle differences still exist.

关 键 词：二倍体黄芩 四倍体黄芩D20 药材性状 显微特征 比较研究 

分 类 号：R282.71[医药卫生—中药学]