海南地区类鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌的药物敏感性分析  

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Burkholderia pseudomallei isolated from Hainan patients

作　　者：谭云芳[1] 黄增光[2] 吴多荣[3] 崔健[2] 卓超[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州医科大学附属第一医院,广州510120 [2]南方医科大学第五附属医院,广州510900 [3]海口市人民医院,海口570102

出　　处：《中国抗生素杂志》2017年第5期401-407,共7页Chinese Journal of Antibiotics

基　　金：广州市科技科学(技术)研究专项重点项目(No.201607020044)

摘　　要：目的探讨海南地区类鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌(BP)对常用抗生素的敏感性。方法以2008年1月—2013年3月在海南地区患者中分离的101株非重复类鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌作为研究对象,采用E-test法对目前国际上常用于治疗类鼻疽的抗生素进行药物敏感试验分析。结果本实验收集的101株类鼻疽菌中主要是以败血症为主,共有60人(59.4%),其次是肺部感染22人(21.8%),伤口及皮肤软组织感染有17人(16.8%),尿路感染2人(2.0%),受试者总死亡率为17.8%(18/101),其中72.2%(13/18)的死亡患者见于败血症患者。体外药敏试验结果显示,本次分离的所有类鼻疽对美罗培南、亚胺培南、左氧氟沙星、头孢他啶和阿莫西林/克拉维酸均显示良好的敏感性,敏感率分别为100%、100%、94.4%、92.1%和90.1%。对四环素和复方磺胺甲噁唑的敏感率分别为85.1%和84.2%。结论本研究和其他地区的报道都证实了类鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌对目前国际上常用于治疗该疾病的抗生素呈现良好的敏感性,其中以亚胺培南和美罗培南的敏感性最好,可作为治疗的首选。Objective To explore the antimicrobial susceptibility of Burkholderia pseudomallei isolates from Hainan patients. Methods A total of 101 strains were collected from Hainan during January 2008 and March 2013. Susceptibility tests were done by the E-test method. Results The most common type of infections in this study was sepsis, accounting for 59.4%（60 cases）, followed by pneumonia, accounting for 21.8% （22 cases）. The wound and skin soft tissue infection were 16.8%（17 cases）, and urinary tract infections were 2.0%（2 cases）. The total mortality of melioidosis was 17.8%（18/101） and 72.2% of the deaths were suffering from sepsis. In vitro drug susceptibility test results showed that all isolates had good sensitivity to meropenem, imipenem, levofloxacin, ceftazidime and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid,the sensitivity rates for them were 100%, 100%, 94.4%, 92.1% and 90.1%, respectively. The sensitivity rates of tetracycline and cotrimoxazole were 85.1% and 84.2%. Conclusions Our research and other reports have confirmed that Burkholderia pseudomallei had a good sensitivity to antibiotics which were international recommended to use in the treatment of this diseases. Particularly, imipenem and meropenem can be used as the preferred drug for treatment.

关 键 词：类鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌 药敏试验 抗生素 

分 类 号：R978.1[医药卫生—药品]