特朗普政府亚太安全战略的调整  

The Adjustment of Trump Administration's Asia-Pacific Security Strategy

作　　者：左希迎[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国际关系学院

出　　处：《世界经济与政治》2017年第5期38-64,共27页World Economics and Politics

基　　金：笔者主持的中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)项目"美国亚太"(:16XNB007)联盟转型研究"(项目批准号:16XNB007)的部分成果

摘　　要：如同历史上所有的帝国一样,当前美国陷入了一种权力难题。作为霸权国,要经受新兴大国的冲击和边缘力量的侵蚀,这必然导致美国要维持高昂的防务负担,始终面临过度扩张的风险,失衡也就成为恒久的战略困境。奥巴马政府在亚太地区的应对思路是积极战略调整,缓和战略困境。为此,美国提出了亚太再平衡战略,试图构建以规则为基础的亚太安全网络,然而这一战略设计未能解决其战略困境。特朗普上台以来,美国调整了战略思路,其意图旨在清除奥巴马政府的外交遗产,推动美国外交政策的全面转型。在战略理念上,特朗普坚持以美国优先为基本原则,他倾向于通过利益来界定威胁,偏好于谈判和挂钩政策,试图构建一个以权力为基础的亚太安全秩序。从目前来看,特朗普政府的亚太安全战略有三个核心支柱,即美国对亚太盟友进行战略再保证、美国与其亚太盟友的防务分摊再平衡以及制衡中国的同时寻求与中国的战略协调。在具体议题上,地区内突发事件的概率将上升,台湾问题、朝核问题、美俄关系、海上安全问题和网络安全将成为亚太地区值得关注的议题。America is sinking into the trap of power problem now like other empires in history. As the hegemon, its power is eroding both by the emerging powers and edgea high level of defense burden. That means the U.S. will always face the risk of overexpansion and out-of-balance of its strategy. Obama's strategy in Asia-Pacific was strategic rectification, which aimed to relieve its strategic dilemma. So America put forward the rebalance strategy and wanted to build the rule based security network in Asia-Pacific. However, Obama's strategic framework could not resolve its strategic dilemma. Since Trump took the power, the U.S. has adjusted its strategic approach, which aims to clean up Obama's strategic legacy and transform the American foreign policy.So Trump insists on the principle of America first. And his government intends to define threats by interest and prefers to negotiation and linkage policy. From now on, we can find three pillars on Trump administratio's Asia-Pacific policy which are reassuring to its alliances, defense expenditure sharing, and combination of balancing China and concert of powers. About the security issue, the possibility of incidents will rise.Meanwhile, Taiwan Question, North Korea nuclear issue, U.S.-Russia relations, maritime issues, and cyber security will be the hot issues in Asia-Pacific region in the future.

关 键 词：特朗普政府 亚太安全 联盟战略 防务分摊 

分 类 号：D871.2[政治法律—政治学]