水位高程变化对湿地土壤微生物代谢功能的影响研究——以蚌湖为例  

EFFECT OF WATER LEVEL ELEVATION ON SOIL MICROBIAL METABOLIC FUNCTION OF WETLANDS——A CASE STUDY OF BANG LAKE

作　　者：李金前[1,2] 王吉[1] 刘亚军[1,2] 邹锋[1,2] 马燕天[1,2] 吴兰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南昌大学生命科学学院,江西南昌330031 [2]鄱阳湖环境与资源利用教育部重点实验室,江西南昌330031

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2017年第5期730-737,共8页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31360127;31260110)~~

摘　　要：在淡水湖泊生态系统中,水位高程的变化会对整个生态系统产生重要的影响。本研究以鄱阳湖最具代表性的碟形湖——蚌湖为实验地点,研究了水位高程对于湖泊湿地土壤微生物代谢功能的影响。在实验中沿水位高程及植被带演替布设6个样地,利用Biolog-Eco技术探究不同水位高程样地土壤微生物群落代谢功能的多样性及分布规律。结果表明:随着样地水位高程的降低,土壤含水量逐渐升高,地表植被的覆盖率逐渐减少,土壤有机养分出现先减小后增大的趋势;而土壤微生物对碳源代谢活性随着高程的降低依次减弱,且优先利用的碳源种类和碳源利用率也有显著不同。通过dbRDA排序分析表明:土壤微生物群落功能多样性沿高程呈现区域性分布特征,相邻的两样地土壤微生物碳源代谢功能更为相近。影响湿地土壤微生物碳源代谢功能的主要因子为土壤含水量、土壤有机质含量、pH、NH_4-N和地表植被类型。本研究结果可为合理管理和保护鄱阳湖湿地生态系统提供科学的指导。In freshwater lake ecosystems, change of water level will markedly affect the whole ecosystem. The Bang Lake, which is one of the most representative sub-lakes of Poyang Lake, was selected as study field in this study. Along＇with the gradient of water level elevation and vegetation succession, 6 sample plots were set up, and the diversity and distribution of microbial metabolic function from different plots were studied by using the Biolog-Eco method. Our results indicated that with the decrease of water level elevation, soil moisture was gradually increased, while vegetation coverage rate was gradually reduced. Soil organic matter content decreased firstly but increased afterwards. The soil microbial metabolic activity of carbon source was reduced as the water level elevated, and the preference and utilization rates of carbon source types were significantly different. Further results from distance-based redundancy analysis （dbRDA） showed that the carbon metabolic pattern of soil microbial communities from adjacent plots were more similar. There were several factors affecting the soil microbial metabolism of carbon source, including soil moisture, soil organic matter, pH, NH4-N and vegetation types. These findings would provide scientific guidance for reasonable management and protection of Poyang Lake wetland ecosystems.

关 键 词：鄱阳湖 水位高程 微生物群落 Biolog-ECO 土壤性质 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学]