湖北省设施草莓灰霉病发生规律及流行因子分析  

Occurrence of Grey Mould Disease in Greenhouse-Grown Strawberry and Its Correlations with Epidemic Factors in Hubei Province

作　　者：高翠珠 杨红玲[1] 黄夏宇骐 黄俊斌[1] 李国庆[1] 郑露[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学植物科学技术学院湖北省作物病害监测与安全控制重点实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2017年第9期1617-1623,共7页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303025)

摘　　要：【目的】草莓灰霉病是一种世界范围分布的真菌病害,研究旨在探索湖北省设施草莓灰霉病的发生规律,分析不同流行因子与灰霉病发生的相关性,选择与果实发病率具有显著相关性因子建立模型,揭示不同因子与草莓灰霉病发生的关系,为湖北省设施草莓灰霉病防治提供理论依据。【方法】于2013—2015年在湖北省农业科学院草莓种植基地选取3个代表性草莓大棚,用5点取样法采集无症花、叶、果实,结合特异性PCR和保湿培养法检测组织上灰霉菌带菌率;选取其中两个大棚数据对草莓果实发病率与花朵发病率、叶片发病率、温度、相对湿度、果实带菌率、花朵带菌率、叶片带菌率7个流行因子进行Pearson相关性分析。选择与果实发病率具有显著相关性的3个因子(果实带菌率x_5、叶片发病率x_2、温度x_3),以草莓果实发病率作因变量(y),因子x_2、x_3、x_5为自变量,采用线性回归法建立线性回归方程,分别建立两个大棚中变量x_2、x_3、x_5与草莓果实发病率(y)的回归模型,通过回归模型计算未参加建模的另一个大棚的草莓果实发病率预测值,并将预测值与实际值进行回归分析。【结果】2013—2015年研究结果表明,草莓花、叶、果实带菌率变化起伏较大,花和果实带菌率相对较高,带菌率分别为0—53.33%和0—86.00%;不同组织草莓灰霉病的发病时间不同,果实从12月上旬开始发病,花从12月中下旬开始发病,叶片从1月上旬或2月上旬开始发病。草莓花和叶发病较轻,发生较为平稳,果实在3月之后发病逐渐加重,发病率可达80.07%。草莓叶片发病率、温度和果实带菌率均与果实发病率呈显著相关(P<0.01)。草莓果实发病率与不同流行因子的回归模型分别为y=0.55x_5+5.76(R^2=0.645,P<0.01)(模型一)、y=8.18x2+9.25(R^2=0.498,P<0.01)(模型二)、y=2.49x_3-13.62(R^2=0.446,P<0.01)(模型三);并将果实发病率预测值与实际值[Objective] Strawberry grey mould is an important fungus disease worldwide. The objectives of this study are to explore the development of Botrytis cinerea in greenhouse in Hubei Province, analyze the relationship between different epidemic factors and disease rates of grey mould. Significant correlation factors were selected and used to build a model, and to provide a theoretical foundation for prevention and control of strawberry grey mould in greenhouse in Hubei Province. [ Method ] From 2013 to 2015, three representative strawberry greenhouse in strawberry planting base of Hubei Province Academy of Agricultural Sciences were selected in this study. A method of five sampling points was used for collecting leaves, flowers and fruits, and infection rates of B. cinerea on plant tissues were detected by specific PCR and moisture culture methods. The data of two greenhouses were selected to analyze the relationships between disease rate of strawberry fruits and disease rates of flowers and leaves, temperature, relative humidity, infection rates of fruits, flowers and leaves by Pearson correlation analysis. Disease rates of leaves （x2）, temperature （x3）, infection rates of fruits （xs） were significantly related to the incidence of disease on strawberry fruit and were used as the dependent variables （y）. And the factor x2, x3 or x5 was used as independent variable to multiple linear regression equation by linear regression method to establish the regression models for the greenhouse variables （x2,x3, xs） and strawberry fruit incidence （y）, respectively. The predicted values of strawberry fruit incidence were calculated by the regression model, and the predicted values were compared with the actual values in the third greenhouse. [Result] In 2013-2015, the changes of infection rates of flowers, leaves and fruits were significantly different. Infection rates of flowers and fruits were relatively high and the infection rates were 0-53.33% and 0-86.00%, respectively. The beginning time of disease

关 键 词：草莓灰霉病菌 带菌率 发病率 相关性 

分 类 号：S436.68[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]