复合植物精油改善仔猪饲料养分利用率比较研究  

Effects of a compound plant essential oil on nutrients and energy utilization of weaning piglets fed different energy diets

作　　者：杨在宾[1] 于彩云[1] 周雪梅[1] 王小明[1] 李国斌 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学动物科技学院,山东泰安271018 [2]临沂宝力佳食品有限公司,山东临沂276000

出　　处：《饲料工业》2017年第9期4-10,共7页Feed Industry

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项:饲用植物活性组分替代抗生素产品[201403047]

摘　　要：为了证明复合植物精油改善仔猪饲料效率的机理。试验根据2×2析因设计,2个消化能水平(DE:14.27和13.37 MJ/kg DM)对应2个添加剂水平(复合植物精油:添加和不添加),采用内源指示剂-盐酸不溶灰分(AIA)法,研究了复合植物精油对仔猪养分和能量表观利用率的影响。选用35 d三元(杜×长×大)猪24头,随机分成4个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复1头。处理1(高能量)按NRC(2012)仔猪饲养标准配制;处理2在高能量日粮基础上添加复合植物精油600 mg/kg;处理3(低能量)消化能按高能量日粮减少0.84 MJ/kg DM,其他营养水平均同高能量日粮;处理4在低能量日粮基础上添加复合植物精油600 mg/kg。预试期7 d,正试期4 d。研究结果表明:与高能量水平日粮(DE 14.27 MJ/kg DM)相比,仔猪饲喂低能量日粮(DE 13.37 MJ/kg DM),显著提高了有机物质(P=0.040)、粗脂肪(P<0.000 1)、粗蛋白质(P=0.018)和能量(P=0.018)利用率,有提高干物质(P=0.059)和日粮消化能水平的趋势(P=0.061)。仔猪采食低能量水平日粮,赖氨酸(P=0.001)、甘氨酸(P=0.016)和组氨酸(P=0.082)表现消化率有所降低。添加复合植物精油显著提高了赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、精氨酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、苏氨酸、缬氨酸、天冬氨酸、丝氨酸、谷氨酸、甘氨酸、酪氨酸、脯氨酸,以及总EAA和总NEAA的表观消化率(P<0.05),组氨酸和丙氨酸差异不显著。复合植物精油可以用于改善仔猪氨基酸利用率,有利于氨基酸吸收。Experiment using twenty-four 35-day- old weaned piglets （ Duroc × Landrace × Large Yorkshire） that were randomly allocated to 4 treatments with 6 replicates in a 2×2 factorial design was conducted to assess the effects of compound plant essential oil on the utilization rate of feed nutrients and energy of weaning piglets.The piglets were fed corn-soybean meal diets in high-energy （HE, the digestive energy measured was 14.27 MJ/kg） and low-energy （LE, the digestive energy measured was 13.37 MJ/kg）, or were supple- mented with 600 mg/kg essential oil extract in diets of HE and LE treatment. Apparent digestibility of diets was measured by the endogenous indicator of AIA there was an adjustment period of 7 d before faeces were collected daily for 4 d. Compared with HE diets, weaning piglets fed LE diets had signifi- cantly higher apparent digestibility of organic matter （P=0.040）, ether extract （P〈O.O001）,crude pro- tein （ P=0.018 ）, energy （ P=0.018 ）, lysine （ P=0.001 ）, glycine （P=0.016 ）, histidine （ P=0.082 ）. Adding compound plant essential oil significantly improved （P〈0.05） the apparent digestibility of amino acids （Lysine, methionine, arginine, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, threonine, valine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, serine, tyrosine and proline）, total essential amino acid （TEAA） and total non-essential amino acid （TNEAA）. Results of this study indicate that compound plant essential oil addition was effective in improving nutrient digestibility in pigs fed a corn and soybean meal diet from digestive energy 13.37 MJ/kg to 14.27 MJ/kg.

关 键 词：复合植物精油 仔猪 常规养分 能量 氨基酸 表观消化率 

分 类 号：S816.32[农业科学—饲料科学]