土壤重金属污染强化植物修复技术研究进展  

Research progress on strengthening phytoremediation technologies for heavy metals contaminated soil

作　　者：徐剑锋[1,2] 王雷[1,3] 熊瑛[4] 席北斗[1] 张列宇[1] 毛旭辉[3] 杨天学[1] 吴明红[2] 李彤彤[1,5] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院地下水与环境系统工程创新基地国家环境保护地下水污染模拟与控制重点实验室,北京100012 [2]上海大学环境与化学工程学院,上海200444 [3]武汉大学资源与环境科学学院,湖北武汉430070 [4]北京建筑大学环境与能源工程学院,北京100044 [5]首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院,北京100048

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2017年第3期366-373,共8页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAL04B01)

摘　　要：土壤重金属污染修复主要采用物理、化学和生物修复技术。生物修复技术中的植物修复技术是用于土壤重金属污染修复的可靠技术,由于植物修复技术具备花费低、适应性强、无二次污染等特点,得到广泛关注,是当今国际资源、环境、生物学科交叉领域的前沿和热点。利用植物修复技术的关键是筛选或培育出生命力顽强,适应性较广,能够忍耐外在重金属胁迫环境,并在体内大量富集重金属的植物物种。综合分析比较了目前土壤重金属污染修复技术,针对土壤重金属污染植物修复技术存在的限制性问题,综述了目前强化植物修复技术的研究进展,探讨通过采取物理、化学和生物技术等方法提高修复植物的生物量和重金属积累量。重点阐述了基因工程技术、螯合诱导技术、根系和菌根强化植物修复的作用机制及应用效果,并展望了今后的研究方向。The traditional remediation technologies of the soil contaminated heavy cheinical and biological. The phytoremediation technologies are reliable biological heavy metal pollution in soil in recent years and become the frontier and hot metals were mainly physical, technologies for removing the research areas of resource,environmental and biological sciences internationally. Due to their low cost, wide adaptability and no secondary pollution, the phytoremediation technologies have been widely studied. To screen out or breed suitable plant species which can tolerate and accumulate multiple metals, with fast growth and wide adaptation is of most importance for phytoremediation. The current remediation technologies of heavy metals in soil were summarized. In view of the restriction problems of phytoremediation of heavy metals in soil, the research progress of strengthening phytoremediation technologies were reviewed. The physical, chemical, and biotechnology methods for increasing the plant biomass and heavy metal accumulation were discussed, focusing on the mechanism and application effects of genetic engineering technology, chelate induced technology, root exudates and arbuscular mycorrhizae strengthening phytoremediation, and prospecting future research directions.

关 键 词：土壤污染 重金属 植物修复 根系分泌物 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]