考虑尾流效应的风电场有功功率控制策略研究  

Optimal control of individual wind turbine to increase the active power generation in wind farm considering wake effect

作　　者：李丽霞[1,2] 姚兴佳[1] 朱江生 王晓东[1] 刘颖明[1] Li Lixia Yao Xingjia Zhu Jiangsheng Wang Xiaodong Liu Yingming(Wind Energy Technology Institute, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110023, China Institute of Electrical Engineering, School of Automation Shenyang Institute of Engineering, Shenyang 110136, China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳工业大学风能技术研究所,辽宁沈阳110023 [2]沈阳工程学院,辽宁沈阳110136

出　　处：《可再生能源》2017年第5期759-764,共6页Renewable Energy Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51677121);辽宁省教育厅项目(L2015369);辽宁省科技创新重大专项项目(201303005)

摘　　要：随着大型风电场的快速发展,由于尾流效应造成的风电场能量损失成为重要的问题。本文考虑风电场内的尾流效应,提出了优化的有功功率和桨距角曲线以降低独立机组的能量损失,从而达到风电场的总有功功率提升的目的。同时,通过挖掘风电机组有功出力和尾流效应的关系,给出基于有功控制的尾流优化方法,建立了风电场有功出力优化模型。最后,基于某风电场的实际数据建立仿真模型来检验控制策略的有效性,并引入传统单机MPPT方案进行比对,结果证明提出的新型控制策略大大提高了整个风电场的有功功率,并且计算量小,优化方法简单,具有一定的工程应用价值。With the rapid development of the large scale wind farm,the energy loss in the wind farm due to the wake effect became an important issue.In this work,optimized active power and pitch angle curves as a function of the rotor speed are generated for each individual wind turbine in the wind farm to reduce the energy loss and thus to increase the total active power of the wind farm.The optimized control curves for a specific wind turbine are generated by maximizing the total active power of the specific wind turbine and its downstream wind turbines which are in the wake of the specific wind turbine,with the wind speed at the position of the specific wind turbine.The proposed method is initially illustrated in a small wind farm,and demonstrated in a typical large scale wind farm by using the simulation.Compared with the conventional Maximum Power Point Tracking （MPPT） method,the total active power of the wind farm can be increased.Moreover,compared with the method by selecting the optimal pitch angle and tip speed ratio for all the wind turbines with the ambient wind speed,the calculation complexity can remarkably be reduced.Besides,each wind turbine can be controlled to follow the real wind speed at the position of the wind turbine,where the estimation error of the wake model is taken into account.

关 键 词：风电场 最大功率追踪 功率优化 尾流效应 

分 类 号：TK81[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]