1920年代国语文学史的发生与退场  

The Occurrence and Vanishment of Mandarin Literary Historyin 1920s

作　　者：方长安[1] 邬非非 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学文学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（人文科学版）》2017年第3期95-106,共12页Wuhan University Journal (Humanity Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(15AZW010)

摘　　要：1920年代胡适的《国语文学史》和凌独见的《新著国语文学史》均以国语为述史准则,并试图从文学史写作和国民教育角度解决国语普及和新文学建设的双重难题。相较于胡适的《国语文学史》,凌独见的《新著国语文学史》虽然被时人评为"糟糕",但是其不仅在叙述起点和分期问题上弥补了胡适文学史著存留的遗憾,而且在如何兼顾国语标准和文学审美性方面体现了自己的独见,反衬出胡适文学史著意图先行写作方式的弊端。当然,胡适《国语文学史》作为第一部从国语角度编纂的文学史著,首次把国家民族概念融入文学史构建及文学批评创作等活动中,具有重要的开创意义。1928年,胡适著《白话文学史》的出现宣告了国语文学史的退场,体现了胡适对新文学发展和文学史写作的重新思考,并展示出20世纪初文学思潮转换的历史背景。而退场之后的国语文学史并未完全消失,仍以显性和隐性的方式影响着新文学建设和文学史书写,也提供了从语言角度深入研究文学史书写的可能性。In 1920s, The Mandarin Chinese Literary History by HU Shi and The New Mandarin Chinese Literary History by LING Dujian both took Mandarin as the criterion to solve the dual problem of mandarin popularization and construction of the new literature from the perspective of writing of literary history and national education. Comparing to The Mandarin Chinese Literary History by HU Shi, The New Mandarin Chinese Literary History by LING Dujian was considered as awful. However, it not only made up for the regret of HU Shi＇s literary history on starting point and stage, but also reflected the author＇s own unique insights. This showed the disadvantage of HU Shi＇s literary-history-dominated way of writing. Of course,as the first literary work related to mandarin, The Mandarin Chinese Literary History by HU Shi brought the national concept in literary creating. In 1928, The Vernacular Chinese Literary History by HU Shi manifested the vanishing of Mandarin Literary History, gave expression to HU Shi＇s reflection upon China＇s new literature development and writing,and showed the historical background of the shift of the early 20th century＇s literary. However,Mandarin Literary History did not disappear completely. It still affected the construction of new literature and the writing of literary history in explicit and implicit way, also provides the possibility of further study of literary history writing from the angle of language.

关 键 词：胡适 凌独见 《国语文学史》 《新著国语文学史》 《白话文学史》 

分 类 号：I209.99[文学—中国文学]