果园生草培肥地力技术  

The soil fertility improvement technology of growing grass in orchard

作　　者：陈学森[1] 毛志泉[1] 姜远茂[1] 王志刚 王楠[1] 张宗营[1] 尹承苗[1] 葛顺峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学作物生物学国家重点实验室,泰安271000 [2]山东省果茶技术推广站

出　　处：《中国果树》2017年第3期1-4,I0002,共5页China Fruits

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303093);国家自然科学基金(31572091)

摘　　要：研究建立适合我国国情的苹果现代宽行高干省力高效栽培模式及果园生草培肥地力技术是未来苹果无袋化栽培的基础和前提。解析了苹果园生草不能在我国有效推广的原因,从生草与争肥、土壤综合肥力、我国三化土壤改良、果园病虫害防控、果园小气候和果实品质等6个方面介绍我国果园生草的研究进展。针对我国苹果主产区果园生草必须关注的"培肥""节水"及"省力"3个问题,提出了单一性与多样性有机结合的"春季长柔毛野豌豆+秋季自然生草"果园生草模式。Study on the high efficient cultivation technology of wide row and high trunk and the soil fertility improvement technology of growing grass in orchard,which suitable for China＇s national conditions,is the basis and premise of the future cultivation without bag.This paper analyzes the reasons why growing grass in orchard can＇t be used effectively in China.The research progress of growing grass in orchard in China was introduced from 6 aspects：grow grass and scramble fertilizer,soil comprehensive fertility,three kinds of soil improvement in China,insect pest control in orchards,microclimate in orchard and fruit quality;Aiming at the ＂fertilizer＂,＂water saving＂ and ＂saving labour＂ problems must be paid attention in main apple producing areas of China,we combine unicity with diversity and put forward a new model of ＂the spring villous vetch ＋ autumn natural grass＂,which solves these 3 problems simultaneously.

关 键 词：苹果 果园生草 培肥 省力 节水 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]