钙钛矿太阳能电池的大面积成膜方法  

Large-area thin film deposition technologies for fabricating hybrid perovskite solar cells

作　　者：吴存存[1] 孙伟海[1] 陈志坚[1] 肖立新[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学物理学院,人工微结构与介观物理国家重点实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《科学通报》2017年第14期1457-1463,共7页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFB0401003);国家自然科学基金(61575005,11574009)资助

摘　　要：有机-无机杂化钙钛矿太阳能电池因其较高的光电转化效率引起了人们的广泛研究,但在目前所报道的高效率器件中,电池的有效面积通常仅为0.1 cm^2左右,达不到工业化的要求.钙钛矿电池的大面积制备是其工业化的必经之路.而制备大面积钙钛矿电池的关键在于制备大面积高质量的钙钛矿薄膜.本文将根据大面积钙钛矿太阳能电池所取得的最新成果,对钙钛矿的成膜方法加以总结和评述,为今后大面积钙钛矿电池的发展提供帮助.Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells have attracted tremendous research interests due to their amazing light to electric power conversion efficiencies （PCEs）. In the past four years, the PCE of perovskite solar cells has significantly increased up to 22.1%, which outperforms several other types of third-generation solar cells and becomes the most promising candidate to compete with the traditional silicon-based solar cells. This result is mainly owing to some excellent properties of the hybrid perovskite active layer, such as a high absorption coefficient, an appropriate band gap and a long carrier diffusion length. Nevertheless, most of the reported high efficiencies were only achieved with very small active areas in the range of 0.03 to 0.2 cm2, which is likely to cause measurement errors. What is worse, the material utilization ratio is only 1% during film deposition, hindering the industrial production of perovskite solar cells in the future. Therefore, a large-scale production process has become a big challenge to realize the purpose of commercial applications. To date, the best certified PCE of 19.6% has been obtained with an active area exceeding 1 cm2. The most important aspect is fabricating large-area uniform, pinhole-free and large crystal grain perovskite thin films for scaling up high PCE perovskite solar cells. To realize the purpose of large-area, high-quality perovskite film fabrication, a range of thin film fabrication techniques have been proposed, including spin-coating, vacuum flash-assisted solution process （VASP）, doctor blading, slot-die coating, inkjet printing, spray coating, vapor assisted deposition and soft-cover deposition. This review aims at giving an overview of these thin film deposition techniques for the processing of perovskite thin film fabrication. By comparing the film quality and material utilization ratio corresponding to different film deposition methods, the studies on perovskite thin film fabrication techniques are summarized. Among these techniques

关 键 词：钙钛矿 太阳能电池 大面积成膜 

分 类 号：TM914.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]