批评之镜:陀思妥耶夫斯基作家经典在俄国的生成  

Lens of Criticism:Formation of Dostoevsky's Classics

作　　者：顾宏哲[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学外国语学院

出　　处：《俄罗斯文艺》2017年第2期76-84,共9页Russian Literature & Arts

基　　金：2010年国家社科基金重大招标项目<外国文学经典生成与传播研究>(项目编号:10&ZD135)的成果

摘　　要：本文试图通过批评之镜透视陀思妥耶夫斯基作家经典在俄罗斯的生成之路。陀思妥耶夫斯基无疑是一位伟大的作家,但其经典生成之路十分曲折,而批评界在其中扮演着十分重要,但远非友好的角色。由于创作的超前性、创新性和深刻性,更由于总是为穷人说话,作家生前很少得到批评界的理解和赞美,得到的更多是批判与不解。作家去世之后,评论界的态度悄悄地发生了变化,尽管仍是褒贬不一,但已经开始将陀思妥耶夫斯基与托尔斯泰等大家相提并论。苏联官方评论对作家先抑后扬,最终于20世纪60年代末期正式确立了陀思妥耶夫斯基经典作家的地位。如今,陀思妥耶夫斯基已经成为全世界公认的最好的作家之一。This article aims to, through the lens of criticism, evaluate the forming road of Dostoevsky＇ s classics in Russia. Undoubtedly, Dostoevsky is a great writer, yet the forming road of his classics was very tortuous. Critics played important, but far from friendly, roles Because of being ahead- of-time, innovative, profound, and always speaking for the poor, he was criticized and misunderstood, rather than understood and praised by the critic circles during his lifetime. After his death, the attitude of the critic circles changed gradually. Although critics still hold different judgements on him, they have begun to mention Dostoevsky in the same breath with some famous writers like Tolstoy. The Russian official comments on Dostoevsky turned from unfavorable to favorable, and established his position as a classical writer at the end of the 1960s. Today, Dostoevsky has been recognized by the whole world as one of the best writers.

关 键 词：批评 经典生成 超前性 创新性 深刻性 

分 类 号：I512.074[文学—其他各国文学]