安·比托夫和他的《普希金之家》  

Andrei Bitov and his Pushkin House

作　　者：王加兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学俄语系

出　　处：《俄罗斯文艺》2017年第2期122-128,共7页Russian Literature & Arts

摘　　要：被称为俄罗斯后现代小说开山之作的《普希金之家》,1978年在苏联敌对阵营的资本主义国家美国首次出版。其作者安·比托夫一生跌宕起伏,经历多次磨难。1979年作家因"非法"出版《大都会》丛刊而被禁止发表作品,1986年才被"解禁"。值得注意的是,《普希金之家》初稿的完成时间(1971年)与终稿的审定年份(1999年)分别属于迥然相异的两个时代。正因为这一修订工作具有著名文艺理论家巴赫金所说的"外位性",作家便赋予小说的艺术世界以更加深刻的内涵。本文通过对小说故事情节的概括和梳理,指出小说具有唯智论倾向,作家所倡导的是文化崇拜,而这一点与苏联官方宣传工具向人们灌输的个人崇拜恰好形成鲜明对比。Pushkin House, signaling the beginning of Russian postmodern fiction, was first published in 1978 in the United States, a capitalist country which was hostile to the Soviet Union. Its author, Andrei Bitov, lived a hard life and experienced many tribulations. From 1979 to 1986, he was banned from publishing because of the ＂illegal＂ publication of almanac Metropol. It is worth noting that the completion year of the first draft （1971） and the approval year of the final version （1999） of Pushkin House belonged to two different periods. Because the revision work obtains the ＂outsidedness＂ proposed by Bakhtin, the famous literary theorist, the writer endowed the novel＇ s artistic world with a more profound implication. This paper, based on the analysis of the novel＇s plot, points out that this novel had an intellectualistic tendency and advocated culture worship, which was in contrast with the hero worship infused by the Soviet Union official propaganda.

关 键 词：安·比托夫 《普希金之家》 俄罗斯后现代主义文学 

分 类 号：I512.074[文学—其他各国文学]