杏鲍菇菌糠作为发酵床垫料对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道菌群及免疫功能的影响  

Effects of spent substrate of Pleurotus Eryngii as fermentation bedding litters on growth performance,intestinal microflora and immunity of weanling pigs

作　　者：郭彤[1] 吴艳 高巍 李凌燕[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京农业职业学院畜牧兽医系,北京102442 [2]北京市大兴区畜牧技术推广站,北京102601 [3]北京农业职业学院食品与生物工程系,北京102442

出　　处：《畜牧与兽医》2017年第5期35-40,共6页Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：北京市教委科技计划面上项目(No.KM201512448004);北京市农委"菜篮子"新型生产经营主体科技能力提升项目(20150203-5);北京农业职业学院博士基金(XY-BS-15-01)

摘　　要：旨在研究杏鲍菇菌糠作为发酵床垫料对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道菌群及免疫功能的影响。选择120头体重(8.0±0.5)kg的"杜长大"三元杂交断奶仔猪,随机分为5组,对照组垫料:50%锯末+50%稻壳;试验组Ⅰ组垫料:100%菌糠;试验组Ⅱ垫料:15%锯末+15%稻壳+70%菌糠;试验组Ⅲ垫料:25%锯末+25%稻壳+50%菌糠;试验组Ⅳ:35%锯末+35%稻壳+30%菌糠。预试期7 d,正试期42 d。结果表明,除试验组IV外,其余各试验组与对照组相比,均不同程度地提高了断奶仔猪的平均日增重,差异显著(P<0.05)。其中,试验组Ⅰ断奶仔猪平均日增重效果最显著,但平均日采食量也明显增加,与对照组相比,差异显著(P<0.05);除试验组I外,试验组Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ与对照组相比,均显著降低了断奶仔猪的腹泻率(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,试验组Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ显著降低了断奶仔猪结肠和盲肠中大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌的数量(P<0.05),显著提高了乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌的数量(P<0.05);与对照组相比,断奶21 d和42 d时,4个试验组仔猪的外周血液T、B淋巴细胞阳性率明显升高(P<0.05);试验组II和III能显著提高仔猪肠道黏液中Ig A含量(P<0.05)。菌糠作为发酵床垫料,不仅提高了仔猪的生产性能,还改善了其免疫功能,降低了腹泻率。其中,试验组Ⅲ(25%锯末+25%稻壳+50%菌糠)是最佳的垫料配比比例。The present study was conducted to examine the effects of spent substrate of Pleurotus Eryngii as fermentation bed litters on growth performance, intestinal microflora and immunity of weanling pigs. A total of 120 weanling pigs （DurocxLandracexYorkshire） average initial body weight of （8. 0±0. 5） kg were allocated to five dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design for 42 days, each of which was replicated three times with eight pigs per replicate （ half male, half female）. The control group bedding litters ： 50% sawdust ＋ 50% rice husk; experimental group Ⅰ ： 100% spent substrate; experimental group Ⅱ ： 15% sawdust ＋15% rice husk ＋70% spent substrate ; experimental group Ⅲ： 25% sawdust ＋25% rice husk ＋50% spent substrate; experimental group Ⅳ： 35% sawdust ＋35% rice husk ＋ 30% spent substrate. The results showed that except experimental group Ⅳ, other three experimental groups compared to control had higher （P〈0. 05） average daily gain （ADG） and experimental group Ⅰ had higher （P〈0. 05） average daily feed intake. Except experimental gr-oup Ⅰ , compared with control, experimental group Ⅱ , Ⅲ and IV diarrhea rate of weanling pigs were significantly decreased （P〈0.05） and significantly increased the number of ileum and cecum of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria （ P〈0. 05 ） , significantly reduced the number of Escherichia coli and Salmonella （P〈0.05）. The positive rate of T and B lymphocytes in peripheral blood of four experimental groups was sig- nificantly higher than control group after weaning 21 d and 42 d （P〈0.05）. Experimental group 11 and m could significantly improve the IgA content of intestinal mucus in piglets （P〈0. 05）. Together, spent substrate of Pleurotus Eryngii could be used as fermentation bed lit- ters, which not only improved the growth performance of piglets, but also improved the immune function and reduced the rate of diarrhea, and the optimal proportion of spent substrate of Pleuro

关 键 词：发酵床 杏鲍菇菌糠 断奶仔猪 生长性能 肠道菌群 免疫 

分 类 号：S816.32[农业科学—饲料科学]