明渠—前池—有压引水系统水力瞬变过程计算研究  

Study on calculation of hydraulic transient process of open channel-forebay-pressure diversion system

作　　者：简新平[1] 张红光[1] 刘兴华[1] 霍自民[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北工程大学水利水电学院,河北邯郸056021

出　　处：《水利水电技术》2017年第4期86-89,130,共5页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：水利部公益性行业专项经费项目(201401030)

摘　　要：针对水电站明渠—前池—有压引水系统水力瞬变过程中明渠段和有压段时间步长相差大、计算过程复杂等问题,提出了有限差分法和特征线法相结合的计算方法。对明渠和有压引水系统分别采用有限差分法与特征线法计算,把前池当集中元件处理,联合水轮机、调速器计算模型,采用统一的时间步长,在Simulink中采用模块化编程,进行过渡过程计算。将模型应用于MZD水电站水力瞬变过程计算,得到关键节点调压室的最高涌浪水位计算值为2 178.96 m,而物理试验值为2 178.57 m,二者非常接近。调压室水位波动过程线与试验结果亦吻合良好。研究表明,有限差分法和特征线法相结合,实现了明渠段和有压段时间步长的统一,降低了计算的复杂程度,可用于明渠—前池—有压引水系统设计。Aiming at the problems, such as large discrepancy between the time-steps of the open-channel section and the pres- sure section in the hydraulic transient process of open channel-forebay-pressure diversion system, complicated calculation process of it, etc. , a calculation method combined with finite difference method and characteristic line method is proposed herein. The finite difference method and the characteristic line method are adopted for both the open channel and the pressure diversion sys- tem respectively, and then the forebay is processed as a lump element for integrating the calculating models of hydro-turbine and governor, for which the modular programming is adopted in Simulink with the unified time-step for carrying out the calculation of the transient process. Applying the model to the calculation of the hydraulic transient process of MZD Hydropower Station, the calculated value of 2 178. 96 m for the surge water level of the key node the surge chamber is obtained, which is quite close to the value of 2 178.57 m obtained from the relevant physical experiment. The hydrograph of the water level fluctuation in the surge chamber is also better coincided with that from the experiment result. The study shows that the combination of both the fi- nite difference method and the characteristic line method realize the unification of the time-steps of both the open channel section and the pressure section, and then the complexity of the calculation is lowered, thus can applied to the design of the open chan- nel-forebay-pressure diversion system concerned.

关 键 词：明渠 有压引水系统 水力瞬变过程 有限差分法 特征线法 

分 类 号：TV135.3[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]