英语虚拟语气的句法解释  

Syntax of the English Subjunctive Constructions

作　　者：谢国平[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东财经大学外国语学院,广东广州510320

出　　处：《大学英语教学与研究》2017年第2期79-84,共6页College English Teaching & Research

摘　　要：英语虚拟句实质上表达一种非现实情态,可在词汇和句法不同层面体现。VMOD是表情态意义的词汇范畴;一部分VMOD已经语法化为轻动词vMOD。VMOD也可进一步虚化为助动词TMOD或Mood,由句法运算生成表达情态意义的非现实句MoodP[-realis]。Mood[-realis]与C[-realis]合并,经特征一致或移位操作,生成各种虚拟句。表面上繁杂的非现实意义都可通过不同结构层级的情态投射实现。英语中的虚拟意义不限于"语气",所谓"过去时表虚拟"实质上是Mood为空语类时过去时词缀依附于动词的形态体现。The irrealis modality is realized at both the lexical and syntactic levels. The so-called subjunctive constructions in English are actually the irrealis sentences. Subjunctive reading obtains by projecting such functional categories as Mood[-realis], TMOD, vMOD, and lexical category VMOD. In English, ＂subjunctive reading of past tense＂ is merely epiphenomenal when Mood is an empty category and T[Past] incorporated within Mood has nothing to attach to, thus affix-hopped to V morphologically.

关 键 词：情态 虚拟句 非现实 句法 

分 类 号：H314[语言文字—英语]