室内灰尘中PBDEs的污染特征及人体暴露研究展望  

Pollution Characteristics of PBDEs in Indoor Dust and Human Exposure:Prospects of Research

作　　者：曹治国[1,2] 陈惠鑫 赵磊成 皮运清[1] 石玉盟 任浩[1] 赵小曼[1] 杨帅[1] 樊欣意 李田田[1] 闫广轩[1] 沈墨海[1] 王学锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学环境学院黄淮水环境污染与防治教育部重点实验室河南省环境污染控制重点实验室,河南新乡453007 [2]清华大学环境学院新兴有机污染物控制北京市重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2017年第4期36-44,共9页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金(2015M570629;2016T90668);河南师范大学博士科研启动课题(5101219170102);河南师范大学博士后流动站建设经费(5101219470205);河南省高等学校重点科研项目计划(15A610005)

摘　　要：多溴二苯醚(polybrominateddiphenyl ethers,PBDEs)作为阻燃剂被广泛添加到工业产品中,又能以挥发和磨损的方式从各种商品中释放出来,并且在环境条件的作用下发生脱溴降解,进而广泛存在于各种环境介质中并产生长期低剂量人体暴露,成为人体健康的重要威胁因素。文章综述了近年来关于PBDEs在室内灰尘中的污染特征和人体暴露研究的相关成果。从空间因素看,不同类型室内灰尘中PBDEs浓度差别显著,而在同一室内环境,灰尘中PBDEs的浓度也会表现出空间差异;关于室内灰尘中PBDEs污染时间变化规律的研究相对较少,相关研究有待加强;粒径对PBDEs在室内灰尘中的赋存及人体暴露的影响正逐渐引起学者的关注,粒径选择方式对室内灰尘中PBDEs定量检测结果的影响及作用机理有待进一步揭示。文章对未来室内灰尘中PBDEs的研究进行了展望,为中国深入开展PBDEs的应用管理和污染控制提供科学依据。Polybrominateddiphenyl ethers （PBDEs） have been widely used in commercial products as flame retardants. They can be released from a variety of commodities through volatilization and abrasion, and high brominated congeners can transformed into low brominated congeners through debromination in indoor environment. Thus PBDEs have been widely detected in various environmental media and led to long-term low-dose human exposure, becoming one of the major threats to human health. Based on the recent research of PBDEs in indoor dust, this paper summarized the pollution characteristics of PBDEs in indoor dust and the corresponding human exposure. Results suggested that PBDEs contamination varied greatly in different types of indoor environmental, and even in the same indoor environment, spatial variation were apparent; data for temporal distribution of PBDEs in indoor dust were limited; the influence of particle size on distribution of PBDEs in indoor dust and human exposure was causing more and more attention, and the effect of dust fraction selection on determination of PBDEs in indoor dust and its function mechanism was in urgent need to be discovered. Furthermore, prospects of further research were reviewed in terms of PBDEs pollution control and management.

关 键 词：多溴二苯醚 室内灰尘 时空变化 粒径分布 人体暴露 

分 类 号：X503.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]