DNA修复基因多态性在六价铬遗传损伤中的作用  

Role of DNA repair gene polymorphisms in genetic damage induced by hexavalent chromium

作　　者：刘佳兴[1] 胡贵平[1] 贾光[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学医学部公共卫生学院劳动卫生与环境卫生学系,北京100191

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2017年第5期457-463,共7页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:81573118;81273043)

摘　　要：六价铬[hexavalent chromium,Cr(Ⅵ)]暴露可导致呼吸、消化、皮肤等多系统器官损伤甚至癌症的发生,严重威胁人体健康。人体修复系统可及时对损伤进行修复,维持基因组的稳定性。近年来研究指出,由于DNA修复基因多态性的广泛存在,相同暴露的不同个体损伤修复能力存在明显差异,导致个体对Cr(Ⅵ)遗传损伤程度不同,为预防和筛查Cr(Ⅵ)暴露易感高危人群提供了新的研究方向。为了解DNA修复基因多态性在Cr(Ⅵ)致遗传损伤易感性中的作用研究进展,本文从Cr(Ⅵ)致DNA损伤及修复机制、相关修复基因及其多态性等方面对近5年来国内外相关研究成果进行综述。Exposure to hexavalent chromium[Cr （Ⅵ）] can lead to the injury of respiratory, digestive, skin, and other systems or organs, and even induce cancers, which is a serious threat to health. Human repair system can mend the damage in time and maintain the stability of genome. Recent studies have pointed out that given the widespread presence of polymorphisms in DNA repair genes, individuals with the same Cr （Ⅵ） exposure show significant differences in DNA repair capacity, which results in an interindividual difference in the genetic damage induced by Cr （Ⅵ）. These findings provide us a new research direction for the prevention and screening of high-risk group susceptible to Cr （Ⅵ） exposure. In order to understand the latest research progress about the role of DNA repair gene polymorphisms in the susceptibility of genetic damage induced by Cr （Ⅵ）, the article reviewed relevant domestic and international literatures in recent five years on DNA damage caused by Cr （Ⅵ）, repair mechanism, and related repair genes and their polymorphisms.

关 键 词：六价铬 DNA损伤 DNA修复基因 单核苷酸多态性 遗传易感性 

分 类 号：R114[医药卫生—卫生毒理学]