龚贤绘画中“树”与“石”探研  

A Study on the Techniques of “Trees” and “Rocks” in Gong Xian's Paintings

作　　者：高译[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学艺术学院,北京100871

出　　处：《中国国家博物馆馆刊》2017年第5期102-109,共8页Journal of National Museum of China

摘　　要：龚贤作为明末清初的山水画家,其绘画风格总体上可以概括为"清韵浑厚"与"超然意蕴"之美。他注重以山石、树丛、苔藓、云雾、沟壑等为主要表现对象,在技法上具备了"黑、厚、润、实"的独特艺术风格。他善于采纳前人各家用笔所长,为我所用,对各种树体画法与山石丘壑表现都有开拓性的成就,其独特技艺皴法成为其绘画艺术的主要风貌。尤其是在山水画的探索中,龚氏独有的艺术皴法成为中国传统山水画皴法中常用的艺术表现技法,因为他的皴法具有鲜明的个性艺术风彩,其最大的审美特征就是画面中点线应用的温润、圆浑、厚重、透明,使山水画艺术表现极具立体感,这是龚贤对自然山水长期观察体验的结果。龚贤一生期望生活平淡疏放,简洁朴拙。闲情逸致是其精神家园,从而获得超越现实社会与尘世之外的审美心境,其艺术的表现与探研都给后人带来很好的启示。As a well-known landscape painter in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, Gong Xian＇s paintings are generally in the majestic and elegant style with the special charm and beauty. His paintings focus on the subjects such as rocks, bushes, mosses, clouds, fogs and ravines, characterized with his own ＂black thick moist, full＂ expression. Fusing the traditions of masters in former dynasties, he created his personal style in the representations of various trees and rocks and was noted for his unique technique of the wrinkle. Especially in his landscapes, Gong＇s unique wrinkle technique comes to be a common artistic technique in traditional Chinese landscape for his distinctive personal style. Gong＇s wrinkle technique from his long-term observation and experience to natural mountains and waters has an aesthetic character for the arrangement of points and lines in a gentle, mellow, stately and lucid way, which makes Chinese landscape painting seem solid in expression. Gong expected to lead a plain and simple life in a leisurely and carefree mood. His natural life state brings him an aesthetic taste to surpass the secular life. His artistic expression and exploration has a far-reaching effect on the later generations.

关 键 词：龚贤 绘画 笔法 山石 树丛 

分 类 号：J212[艺术—美术]