2015年某儿童医院267例药品不良反应分析  

Analysis on 267 Cases Adverse Drug Reactions from One Children's Hospital in 2015

作　　者：洪荣[1] 史晓皓 吕栋[1] 陈艳华[1] 洪远[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属无锡市儿童医院,江苏无锡214023 [2]甘肃省酒泉市玉门市第一人民医院,甘肃酒泉735211

出　　处：《儿科药学杂志》2017年第6期45-48,共4页Journal of Pediatric Pharmacy

摘　　要：目的:分析儿童药品不良反应(ADR)发生的特点及一般规律,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:收集2015年某儿童医院ADR监测管理系统中心报告的267例ADR,对患儿性别、年龄、引起ADR药品种类、给药途径、剂型、累及系统、主要临床表现、原患疾病及新的/严重的ADR等情况进行统计分析。结果:267例ADR中,新的/严重的ADR 38例(14.23%);发生ADR的患儿男女比例为1.24∶1,0~3岁患儿占50.19%(134/267);给药途径以静脉滴注为主(82.77%);共涉及药物类别排名前3位的为抗感染药物(61.42%)、中药注射剂(7.49%)、平喘药物(4.12%);累及系统最常见的为皮肤及其附件(46.44%),其次为胃肠道(30.71%)、全身性损害(11.99%)。结论:应加强对儿童尤其0~3岁患儿的用药监护,规范抗感染药物、中药注射剂、平喘药物等在儿科临床的使用,重视ADR监测及药物咨询等工作,避免或减少严重ADR的发生。Objective： To investigate the characteristics and rules of the adverse drug reactions （ADR） in a children＇s hospital, and provide references for clinical rational drug use. Methods ： A total of 267 ADR reports from the ADR monitoring center of one children＇ s hospital in 2015 were collected. The data about children＇ s age and gender, categories of drugs caused ADR, route of administration, drug dosage forms, involving systems, clinical manifestations, original disease and new/serious adverse reactions were analyzed. Results ： There were 38 new/serious ADR cases （ 14. 23% ） among the 267 ADR reports. The male to female ratio was 1.24 ： 1, and the main route of administration was intravenous drip （82.77%）. Zero to three years old children had higher incidence of ADR （50. 19% ）. Among the 16 involved drug classes, the top 3 drug classes were anti-infective drugs （61.42%）, traditional Chinese medicine injections （7.49%） and antiasthmatic drugs （4. 12% ）. The most common clinical manifestations of involving systems were skin and its appendages damage （46.44%）, stomach and intestinal system injured （30. 71% ） and systemic lesions （11.99%）. Conclusion： To avoid or reduce the incidence of serious ADR, we should strengthen administration monitoring of children （especially children with 0 to 3 years old）, regulate the use of anti-infective drugs, traditional Chinese medicine injections, antiasthmatic drugs, etc. in clinical use, and attach importance to ADR monitoring, drug consultation, etc.

关 键 词：儿童 不良反应 合理用药 

分 类 号：R969.3[医药卫生—药理学]