我国体育非物质文化遗产综合评价体系的构建与应用  

Study on the Comprehensive Evaluation of Chinese Sports Intangible Cultural Heritages

作　　者：陈小蓉[1] 何嫚[1] 张勤[2] 崔家宝 

机构地区：[1]深圳大学体育文化研究所,广东深圳108325 [2]深圳大学师范学院,广东深圳108325 [3]华南师范大学体育科学学院,广东广州510631

出　　处：《体育科学》2017年第5期48-60,共13页China Sport Science

基　　金：国家重大社会科学基金项目(13&ZD140)

摘　　要：基于我国体育非物质文化遗产传承保护工作模式和扎根理论,运用实地考察法、质性研究法以及德尔菲法等研究方法,构建了中国体育非遗综合评价体系。其中,申遗评价由价值评价、濒危评价2个一级指标、5个二级指标以及23个三级指标组成;申遗后保护评价部分由3个二级指标、16个三级指标组成。同时,运用本研究构建的保护评价体系,对我国国家级和省级体育非物质文化遗产项目进行实证研究,既对本保护评价体系的可行性进行验证,也对我国体育非遗的保护现状进行了评估。实证研究表明,体育非遗保护实践评价指标的鉴别力较为理想,该评价体系的各指标能够区分和鉴别不同类型体育非遗保护措施的优劣程度。应用研究数据非物质文化遗产表明:超过半数的体育非遗项目在进入代表性名录之后得到了有效保护,但仍有约22%的非遗项目没有得到相应的保护,处于较差水平之下,保护工作有待进一步改善;取得优秀保护效果的共同特征是传承津贴、传承人培训、建立档案、传承场所等方面的保护举措到位;保护不力的共同特征是经费资助、商业与赞助、体育非遗进校园等方面保护缺位,有待加强相关举措并改善保护环境。Based on Chinese intangible cultural heritage protection mode, this paper designed and constructed a comprehensive evaluation system of sports intangible cultural heritages by using qual- itative research, field trips, Delphi and other research methods.The comprehensive evaluation system includes ex-protection evaluation part, which consists of 2 first-level metrics, 5 secondary metrics, and 23 third-level metrics, and post-protection evaluation part, which consists of 3 secondary met- rics, and 16 third-level metrics. Meanwhile, this paper studied on the present protection situation, protection mode, as welt as the common characteristics of protection pros and cons of the 99 projects which had been investigated. The research results show that more than half of the 99 projects have been effectively protected, but there were still about 22% of the projects did not receive appropriate protection, which were under the lower level and their conservation efforts needed to be further im- proved. The common features of excellence in protecting sports intangible cultural heritage projects heritage are like the aspects of inheritance benefits, inheritor training, archives creation, sites for in- heritance are in place~ the common characteristic of poor performance in protecting sports intangible cultural heritage projects heritage are like the aspects of supporting funding, business and sponsor-ship, campus involvement are absent or vacant, which need to be strengthened.

关 键 词：非物质文化遗产 体育 评价体系 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]