植物挥发油快速起效抗抑郁潜能探讨  

Fast-onset antidepressant potentials of essential oil of herbs

作　　者：杜金平[1,2] 刘艳庭[1,2] 武艺静 吴红华[1,2] 徐砚通[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]天津中医药大学天津市现代中药重点实验室,天津300193 [2]天津国际生物医药联合研究院中药新药研发中心,天津300457

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2017年第10期2006-2016,共11页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(81603250)

摘　　要：现有抗抑郁药物临床起效缓慢,因此需要研发快速起效抗抑郁药物。植物挥发油显示具有快速起效抗抑郁潜能,首先,挥发油气味芳香能够直接刺激嗅神经,脂溶性高易于透过血脑屏障,挥发性强适合鼻腔脑靶向和吸入给药,能够快速调节脑功能,具有快速起效抗抑郁潜能;其次,抗抑郁活性植物挥发油化学和药理研究进展揭示了挥发油抗抑郁化学物质基础、抗抑郁效果及可能作用机制;再者,考察植物挥发油抗抑郁活性成分对快速起效抗抑郁靶点作用,发现植物挥发油化学成分能拮抗NMDA受体活性,提示植物挥发油具有快速起效抗抑郁靶点机制潜能;最后,探讨通过整合抗抑郁挥发油特性、快速起效抗抑郁靶点机制和给药方式,充分发挥植物挥发油快速起效抗抑郁优势,为新药研发提供方向。The existing antidepressants demonstrated delayed onset of clinical effects, so fast-onset antidepressants are required. Essential oil of herbs showed potentials fast-onset antidepressant potential. First, its aromatic odor can directly activate olfactory nerves; its high lipophilicity causes a high blood-brain barrier penetration rate; and its high volatility is suitable for nasal-brain targeting and inhalation delivery. Therefore, essential oils can rapidly regulate brain functions by multiple ways, suggesting a fast-onset antidepressant potential. Second, the advance of studies on chemistry and pharmacology of antidepressant essential oils demonstrated chemical substances, antidepressant effects and possible action mechanisms of antidepressant essential oils. Third, the effect of essential oils＇ antidepressant components on fast-onset antidepressant targets was investigated. It was found that chemical constituents of essential oils antagonized NMDA receptor activities, suggesting that essential oils have fast-onset antidepressant effect. Finally, characteristics of essential oils, fast-onset antidepressant targets and drug delivery methods are integrated to give full play to essential oils＇ fast-onset antidepressant advantage and provide a new direction for new drug discovery.

关 键 词：植物 挥发油 快速 抗抑郁 

分 类 号：R284[医药卫生—中药学] R285[医药卫生—中医学]