农村医疗机构医务人员医院感染知识现况分析  

Knowledge about nosocomial infection among staff in rural medical institutions

作　　者：张莉[1] 潘虹[1] 柯云楠[2] 韩硕[1] 张立超[1] 刘权亮 赵璐[1] 毛静馥[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [2]哈尔滨市卫生局

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2017年第5期827-830,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的了解黑龙江省农村地区医疗机构医院感染知识掌握情况,根据存在问题提出相应的管理对策。方法于2015年5—9月以黑龙江省哈尔滨市农村地区5所县(市)级医院及10所乡镇卫生院700名医务人员进行现场问卷调查。结果有效调查医务人员544人,医院感染知识平均分为(60.80±17.52)分,县级医院医务人员平均分为(66.00±15.76)分,乡镇卫生院医务人员平均分为(51.01±16.50)分;县、乡两级医务人员在综合知识、消毒灭菌、手卫生、医疗废物、隔离、抗菌药物使用及职业防护方面差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);医务人员医院感染知识获取途径排在前3位的依次为院内培训、科室培训、院内各种宣传,分别占76.7%、48.9%、49.6%;不同职务、职称、学历的医务人员医院感染知识比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);护士知识掌握情况优于医生,本科医务人员优于大专以下学历医务人员;不同工作年限医务人员医院感染知识比较差异无统计学意义。结论农村医疗机构医务人员医院感染知识认知程度较低,认知水平亟待提高。需针对不同人群开展多样化相关培训,为高质量医疗工作提供基础保证。Objective To study the status of nosocomial infection knowledge among staff in rural medical institutions in Heilongjiang province for making appropriate management strategies to control nosocomial infection. Methods A self-administered anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among 700 medical staff selected from 5 county-or municipality-level and 10 township rural hospitals during May to October 2015. Results The mean score for general nosocomial infection knowledge was 60. 80 ±17. 52 among the 544 medical staff with eligible response and the mean score was 66 ±15.76 and 51.01 ±16. 50 for the staff from county-level and township rural hospitals. There were statistically significant differences between the staff from county-level and township hospitals staff in general knowledge, disinfection and sterilization, hand hygiene, medical waste management, isolation, antibiotic usage, and occupational protection （P 〈 0. 01 for a11）. The top three ways for getting nosocomial infection knowledge listed by the staff were hospital-based training （76. 8 % ）, department-based training （48.9 % ）, and various propagandas in hospitals （50. 0% ）. The cognition rate of nosocomial infection differed by professional title and education level, with the higher rates among the nurses and the staff with undergraduate education than among the doctors and those with junior college education or below （ both P 〈 0. 05 ） ; but there was no significant difference in the cognition rate among the staff having various durations of professional work. Conclusion The nosocomial infection knowledge of staff in rural medical institutions is generally at a low level and specific training programs on the knowledge need to be implemented among different medical professionals.

关 键 词：医院感染 农村医疗机构 医院感染知识 

分 类 号：R192.6[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]