汉字正字法家族效应的ERP研究  

The Effect of Orthographic Neighborhood Size during Chinese Character Identification:An ERP Study

作　　者：毛媛[1] 董静[1] 王权红[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学心理学院,认知与人格教育部重点实验室,重庆400715

出　　处：《心理科学》2017年第3期534-539,共6页Journal of Psychological Science

摘　　要：以汉字为实验材料,自变量为汉字正字法笔画家族大小,采用延迟反应的同一字判断任务,记录并研究大学生被试对刺激字的脑电(EEG)。本文对笔画家族的定义是,通过改变1~5笔笔画得到刺激字的正字法家族成员,改变的笔画不构成部件。脑电结果显示:大家族刺激字比小家族刺激字诱发更负的N400和N250成分、更低的P200,其中N400的结果与基于交互激活模型的二阶段理论的预期一致。A major purpose of this study is to resolve the concern in the literature that previous findings in alphabetical language studies regarding the N400 effect of neighborhood size may be confounded by phonological neighborhood size. The stroke-based neighborhood size of a Chinese character is defined in this study as the number of characters that can be formed by replacing strokes of the root character. Event-related brain potentials （ERPs） elicited by target characters are recorded while participants are working on a character-matching task where in a probe character is matched on each trial with its preceding target character. We manipulated the number of stroke-based neighbors of the target characters to study Chinese character orthographic neighborhood size effects of ERPs are influenced by cognitive processing during Chinese character recognition. In this study, characters of the highest frequency in their neighborhood are used as stimuli in order to eliminate the influence of the higher-frequency neighbors. The orthographic neighbors of Chinese characters are defined at stroke level. The neighbors of the characters are created by replacing 1 to 5 random strokes of the root characters depending on the total number of their strokes while keeping their structure and the orientations of their remaining strokes relatively constant. Actual neighbors of each target （selected） character determined by extra group of participants, who receivesa paper-pencil task in which they write the neighbors according to this definition and instructions provided. A total of 140 stimulus characters are then selected from the root characters to form 2 types of stimuli： Characters with a large and characters with a small number of stroke-based neighbors which are each identified by at least 2 of the participants during the task. Character frequencies, stroke counts and radical counts are balanced across these types. The results revealed a greater N400-like deflection, a higher N250 and a lower P200 elicited by characters wi

关 键 词：N400 汉字 正字法家族 ERPS 

分 类 号：H124[语言文字—汉语]