水通道蛋白1和4在糖尿病视网膜病变中的研究进展  

Research progress of aquaporin 1 and 4 in diabetic retinopathy

作　　者：张小娟[1] 曹楠珏 强薇[1] 陈晓隆[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学附属盛京医院眼科,中国辽宁省沈阳市110004

出　　处：《国际眼科杂志》2017年第6期1077-1081,共5页International Eye Science

摘　　要：糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy,DR)是最常见的视网膜血管病,是50岁以上人群主要致盲眼病之一。DR早期微血管细胞受到损害,微血管扩张、渗漏,形成微血管瘤,随后微血管闭塞,形成无灌注区,最终视网膜缺血缺氧形成新生血管,进入糖尿病视网膜病变增殖期(proliferative diabetic retinopathy,PDR)。随着病情加重,将造成纤维血管膜的形成、视网膜前膜的纤维化加重,最终将造成牵拉性视网膜脱离。新近研究发现水通道蛋白1(aquaporin-1,AQP1)、水通道蛋白4(aquaporin-4,AQP4)在DR发生发展过程中起重要作用,导致视网膜内外屏障破坏,诱发视网膜水肿,参与新生血管形成,是视网膜新生血管形成过程中不可缺少的因子。Diabetic retinopathy （DR）, one of the most common retinal vascular disease, is one of the causes of blindness for people over the age of 50. In the early stage of DR, microvascular cells are damaged, expand, start to leak, form micro hemangioma, then show occlusion, and non- perfusion area come into being, eventually form new blood vessels because of ischemia and hypoxia of retina. Illness develop into proliferative diabetic retinopathy （PDR）. With the aggravation of the disease, PDR can cause the formation of fibrovascular membrane, the more serious fibrillation of epiretinal membrane, resulting in traction retinal detachment（tRD）. Present studies suggest that equaporins, the essential component of new blood vessels, including aquaporin 1 and aquaporin 4, play a significant pole in the development of diabetic retinopathy, causing the destruction of blood retinal barrier, inducing retinal edema, even macular edema, and participating in the formation of retinal angiogenesis.

关 键 词：糖尿病性视网膜病变 水通道蛋白1 水通道蛋白4 

分 类 号：R587.2[医药卫生—内分泌]