宗族化乡村社会结构的空间表征：潮汕地区传统聚落空间的解读  

Spatial Representation of Rural Clan-Organized Society Structure:The Case of Chaoshan Culture Area

作　　者：顾媛媛[1,2] 黄旭[3] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学建筑与城市规划学院 [2]南京大学中法城市.区域.规划科学研究中心 [3]中山大学地理科学与规划学院城市与区域研究中心

出　　处：《城市规划学刊》2017年第3期103-109,共7页Urban Planning Forum

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助“城市空间微易更新的机制与方法研究--以珠三角地区为例”(项目号:090214380007)

摘　　要：相对中国的其他地区,潮汕有更发达的宗族制度和独特的乡村空间景观、尝试建立宗族化乡村地区的社会结构("家庭→宗族")和空间形态("住宅→聚落")的相互联系,以解析"家国同构"的社会意识在潮汕地区传统聚落中的空间表征基于东里古寨和华瑶村的研究,建立了从"小型住宅(小家庭)→府邸(大家庭)→单一姓氏小聚落(家族或宗族)→多姓大聚落(宗族系)"这一空间表征路径,并总结出"家国同构"空间表征的三大要素:原型、秩序、边界。原型主要是儒家礼制在空间上的物化表现,秩序是指按照宗法制度确定的空间等级,而边界在实体和精神两个层面的建构,都反映了被边缘化的北方移民后代强烈希望通过规划设计"理想空间"来维系身份的正统性并规训族民。Compared with other part of China, Chaoshan has a more developed clan system with a unique rural landscape. This paper focuses on the linkage be- tween the social structure （family-clan） and the spatial form （housing-settlement） of clan-organized rural china, in order to explore the spatial form represented by the term of ＂family and clan＂ （also referred to as the structure of the clan and the country）. Based on the cases of Dongli Village and Huayao Village, this pa- per outlines a typical path of the spatial representation： the individual dwelling of the core family ---＊ the mansion of the big family -~ the settlement of single clan ---＊ the co-settlement of several clans. Moreover, it identifies three key ele- ments of the spatial representation： prototype, order, and boundary. The prototype is the spatial representation of etiquette system; the order means a hierarchical space set by the patriarchal system; the boundary is constructed in both physical and mental dimensions. All the elements indicate that, after a long period of mar- ginalization, the descendants of the northern migrants tried to maintain their self- identity and discipline the clan members through the planning of ideal spaces.

关 键 词：宗族化乡村 社会结构 住宅→聚落 空间表征 潮汕 

分 类 号：C912.82[经济管理] TU982.29[社会学]