三种形貌纳米SiO_2的调控合成及其原位增强亲水性聚氨酯注浆复合材料  

Synthesis and characterization of three kinds of nano SiO_2 particles with different morphologies and their application in reinforced polyurethane grouting composites

作　　者：李嘉晋 范仁祥 李雅迪[1] 陈丁丁[1] 倪建明 丁运生[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学化工学院高分子材料与化工研究所,合肥230009 [2]淮北矿业(集团)有限公司,淮北235000 [3]先进功能材料与器件安徽省重点实验室,合肥230009

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2017年第5期957-962,共6页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：国家863计划项目(2015AA033903);安徽省重点攻关项目(1301021016)

摘　　要：以硅酸钠为硅源,通过对硅酸钠水解形成纳米SiO_2(nano SiO_2)的过程进行调控,得到含无定形nano SiO_2(nano A-SiO_2)、球状nano SiO_2(nano S-SiO_2)和层状六角形nano SiO_2(nano LH-SiO_2)的水溶胶。以异氰酸酯和高亲水性聚醚多元醇为原料,合成亲水性聚氨酯(HPU)预聚体,并实现其与硅溶胶的原位反应,制备nano SiO_2/HPU注浆复合材料。通过ATR-FTIR、TEM、SEM及力学性能测试,对nano SiO_2/HPU的结构和性能进行表征与测试。结果表明,成功实现了聚乙二醇(PEG)对硅酸钠水解生成nano SiO_2过程的调控,并且不同形态结构的nano SiO_2粒子对nano SiO_2/HPU注浆复合材料的力学性能影响不同。其中,nano S-SiO_2/HPU具有更高的压缩强度,nano LH-SiO_2/HPU具有更强的韧性。Three kinds of SiO2 sols containing amorphous nano-silica （nano A-SiO2 ）, spherical nano-silica （nano S-SiO2）, and layered hexagonal nano-silica （nano LH-SiO2 ） particles were controllably synthesized by tailoring the hydrolysis of sodium silicate. By in-situ reaction between SiOz sols and hydrophilic polyurethane （HPU） prepolymer, synthesizing from diisocyanate and polyether polyol, a series of nano-silica modified hydrophilic polyurethane composites （nano SiO2/HPU） were obtained. The structure and properties of HPU and nano SiO;/HPU were characterized by ATR-FTIR, TEM, SEM and mechanical properties. The results show that PEG plays a regulating role in the formation of nano-silica particles in SiO2 sol, and the morphology of nano-silica particles affects the mechanical properties of nano SiO2/HPU grouting composites differently. Specifically, nano S-SiO2/HPU exhibits higher compression strength, and nano LH-SiO2/HPU possesses better toughness.

关 键 词：纳米SIO2 原位增强 亲水性聚氨酯 注浆复合材料 力学性能 

分 类 号：TU579[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]