中国海洋经济重心演变及影响因素  

Influence Factors and Evolution of China's Marine Economic Spatial Pattern

作　　者：王泽宇[1] 卢雪凤 孙才志[1] 韩增林[1] 董晓菲[2] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学海洋经济与可持续发展研究中心,中国辽宁大连116029 [2]中共辽宁省委党校经济学教研部,中国辽宁沈阳110004

出　　处：《经济地理》2017年第5期12-19,共8页Economic Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41671119);教育部重大项目(16JJD790021)

摘　　要：利用动态度和不平衡指数对1996—2013年中国海洋经济空间格局演变特征进行分析,引入经济重心定量描述海洋产业及海洋经济重心演化过程,结果表明:(1)我国海洋经济发展的不平衡指数由1996年的0.487下降到2013年的0.384,海洋经济空间分布格局的不平衡性有所收敛。(2)海洋产业及海洋经济重心呈现向东北方向移动的趋势,但重心移动范围主要位于长三角地区,说明1996—2013年长三角地区是中国海洋产业主要集聚区和海洋经济发展的重要增长极。(3)海洋经济空间格局演变是多种因素综合作用的结果。海洋产业结构、海洋资源利用能力、海洋科技支撑能力、沿海地区对外开放程度及海洋经济就业潜力对海洋经济空间格局演变具有显著的正向作用;而海洋生态环境、基础设施对海洋经济空间格局演变具有负向影响。优化海洋产业结构、实现海洋资源高效利用、增强海洋科技支撑能力和海洋经济就业潜力、提高沿海地区对外开放程度将是推动海洋经济空间格局向平衡方向演化的关键。Currently, the marine economic spatial pattern of China is undergoing a rapid change because it is at the ocean- strategy-dominated expanding stage. In this article, the evolution characteristics of China＇ s marine economic spatial pattern during the period from 1996 to 2013 were analyzed with the dynamic degree and the disequilibrium index, and the concept of regional barycenter was introduced for quantitatively describing the dynamic evolution process of China＇ s marine economy and the marine industry barycenter. The following conclusions can be reached： 1）The disequilibrium index of marine economic development decreases from 0.487 to 0.384 on the whole, the spatial distribution pattern＇s disequilibrium is also weakened. 2）The barycenter of marine industry and economy overall expands towards the northeast direction, however, the range of barycenter movement is mainly located in the Yangtze River Delta region and presents no great fluctuations, suggesting that the Yangtze River Delta region has always been the primary agglomeration region of China＇ s marine industry and the important growth pole of marine economic development. 3）The dynamic evolution of China＇ s marine economic spatial pattern is the consequence from the joint effects of multiple factors. The opening degree of the coastal region can remarkably promote the evolution of marine economic spatial pattern, while the utilization of marine resources, the support of marine science and technology, the absorptive capacity of employment in marine industry, the benefit of marine ecology and the construction of infrastructures have less effects on the evolution of marine economic spatial pattern. The effects from these factors need to be further enhanced. An unreasonable marine industrial structure can impose an inhibiting effect on the evolution of marine economic spatial pattern. Therefore, the optimization of industrial structure is the key to promoting the evolution of China＇ s marine economic spatial pattern towards the equilibrium d

关 键 词：海洋经济 空间格局 动态演变 不平衡指数 重心 中国 

分 类 号：F129.9[经济管理—世界经济]