模仿者动态能力、产业环境与自主创新绩效  

Imitators' Dynamic Capabilities,Industrial Preconditions and Self-Dependent Innovation Performance

作　　者：谢治春[1] 赵兴庐[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东金融学院工商管理系

出　　处：《管理学报》2017年第6期850-858,共9页Chinese Journal of Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71572204);国家社会科学基金资助项目(15BGL001);广东省哲学社会科学"十二五"规划资助项目(GD14XYJ28);广东省科技厅软科学资助项目(2016A070705068);广东省普通高校青年创新人才类资助项目(2015WQNCX104)

摘　　要：基于动态能力理论,分析3种典型的模仿者动态能力(组合创新能力、吸收创新能力、情报创新能力)在特定产业环境下对自主创新绩效的影响。通过对336家本土企业进行问卷调查,发现3种能力均与自主创新绩效正相关,但进一步权变分析发现这一效应存在边界和局限:(1)在供应链模块化程度较低的产业环境中,组合创新能力对自主创新存在一定的负向影响;(2)当产业技术发展的不确定性增加时,吸收创新能力对自主创新的正向影响迅速减弱;(3)随着本地市场需求水平的逐步提高,情报创新能力对自主创新的影响有所下降。此外,综合考虑环境因素发现,自主创新绩效最高的企业持有较高水平的情报创新能力和吸收创新能力以及中等水平的组合创新能力。研究表明,模仿创新是后发企业实现自主创新的可行路径,但管理者需要根据具体的产业环境特征选择不同的模仿行为及其组合策略。From the perspective of dynamic capabilities, this study investigates the relationships between imitators＇ dynamic capabilities and self-dependent innovations. Analysis based on 336 firm questionnaires indicate these three kind of imitator capabilities are all positively related to self-depend- ent innovation performance, however, critical industrial preconditions are required. @when modular ization level of the industrial structure is low, imitators＇ recombination capability is harmful to self- dependent innovations;（2）the more uncertain the industrial technologies are, the less contribution of imitators~ absorptive capabilities to self-dependent innovations is;@as local market demand is at high level and standardized, the less possibilities that intelligence capabilities lead to self-dependent innova tions are achieved. Finally, clustering analysis shows that the most successful imitators under nowa- days environment are those carrying high level of intelligence and absorptive capabilities and moderate level of combinative capability. Overall, these results demonstrate that imitation is a feasible way to self-innovations, however, managers should carefully manage their imitation strategy portfolios under specific industrial conditions.

关 键 词：模仿创新 自主创新 动态能力 后发企业 

分 类 号：C93[经济管理—管理学]